[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-071":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-2-基礎醫學-071","nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-071",109,2,71,"下列疾病何者不屬於自體免疫疾病（autoimmune disease）？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"猩紅熱（scarlet fever）","尋常天疱瘡（pemphigus vulgaris）","重症肌無力（myasthenia gravis）","第一型糖尿病","A",null,[],"本題考點在於自體免疫疾病的辨識,屬「找非自體免疫」題。考點在於病因是感染還是自體攻擊:猩紅熱是由化膿性A群鏈球菌感染並釋放紅斑毒素所致,屬感染性疾病而非自體免疫,故選A。B的尋常天疱瘡是自體抗體攻擊表皮細胞間的desmoglein造成水疱,屬自體免疫。C的重症肌無力是自體抗體對抗神經肌肉接合處的乙醯膽鹼受體,導致肌肉無力,屬自體免疫。D的第一型糖尿病是自體免疫破壞胰島β細胞使胰島素缺乏。三者皆為自體免疫疾病,唯猩紅熱為細菌感染,為正解。","自體免疫的共通點是免疫系統誤攻自身抗原:天疱瘡(抗desmoglein 3)、重症肌無力(抗ACh受體)、第一型糖尿病(抗胰島β細胞\u002FGAD)。猩紅熱雖由鏈球菌引起,其後續的風濕熱與腎絲球腎炎才涉及交叉反應的免疫機轉,但猩紅熱本身是感染。留意鏈球菌「感染」與其「後遺免疫併發症」之別。可連結第二型過敏反應、自體抗體標的與鏈球菌後遺症複習。",[25,28,31,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"重症肌無力",5,{"term":29,"count":30},"第一型糖尿病自體免疫",3,{"term":32,"count":33},"猩紅熱鏈球菌感染",1,{"term":35,"count":33},"尋常天疱瘡",[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-072","下列何者具有過濾血液中病原體以及清除衰老的血球細胞和血小板的功能？",72,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-008","腦下垂體細胞 HE 染色的特性與其功能的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",8,110,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":33},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-022","下列何者具有產生配子的功能？",22,111,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-040","下列何種青黴素衍生物，可用於治療綠膿桿菌（Pseudomonas aeruginosa）之感染？",40,112,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":30},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-044","下列何種並非具致病性葡萄球菌之特色？",44,113,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":33},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-038","有機硝酸鹽（organic nitrates）用於治療典型心絞痛，主要的藥理機制為何？",38,115,"2026-09-04",1788510715368]