[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-067":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-2-基礎醫學-067","nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-067",109,2,67,"臨床上以免疫學方法快速診斷隱球菌（Cryptococcus neoformans）引起之感染，通常是直接偵測下列何者？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"腦脊髓液或血清中有無C. neoformans之細胞壁抗原","腦脊髓液或血清中有無C. neoformans之細胞漿抗原","腦脊髓液或血清中有無C. neoformans之莢膜多醣體抗原","血清中有無C. neoformans之特異性抗體","C",null,[],"本題考點在於隱球菌感染的免疫學快速診斷方法。考點在於其莢膜抗原的偵測:Cryptococcus neoformans具厚實的多醣莢膜,臨床以乳膠凝集或側流免疫層析法直接偵測腦脊髓液或血清中的莢膜多醣體抗原,快速且敏感,故選C。A的細胞壁抗原並非常規偵測標的。B的細胞漿抗原亦非標準快篩對象。D的偵測特異性抗體因免疫低下宿主抗體反應不佳、且產生較慢,不適合作為急性快速診斷。三者皆非首選,唯直接偵測莢膜多醣抗原能快速確診,為正解。","隱球菌莢膜是其毒力與診斷關鍵:印度墨汁染色可見透亮莢膜暈輪;莢膜多醣抗原(CrAg)乳膠凝集或側流試驗靈敏度高,腦脊髓液與血清皆可測,適用於隱球菌腦膜炎(尤其愛滋病人)。抗原偵測優於抗體之處在於免疫低下者抗體不可靠且抗原量常很高。可連結隱球菌腦膜炎、印度墨汁染色與CrAg檢驗複習。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"Cryptococcus neoformans",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"莢膜多醣抗原",{"term":31,"count":27},"乳膠凝集試驗",{"term":33,"count":27},"抗原偵測",[35,39,44,49,54,60],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-068","下列何種細胞可以對病原菌製造特異性抗體的免疫反應？",68,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-004","下列何者同時供應小腸與大腸？",4,110,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":27},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-018","肌肉收縮使用無氧呼吸時，主要使用的能量來源為何？",18,111,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-036","下列降血脂藥物中，何者可使脂肪組織血管內之脂蛋白脂解酶（lipoprotein lipase）生成量增加，而使血中三酸甘油脂濃度降低，主要用於治療高三酸甘油脂血症（hypertriglyceridemia）？",36,112,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":59},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-040","下列那一個藥物屬於 topoisomerase I 抑制劑？",40,113,3,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":27},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-034","緩解支氣管平滑肌痙攣（bronchospasm），使用下列何種藥物最佳？",34,115,"2026-09-04",1788510715332]