[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-063":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-109-2-基礎醫學-063","nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-063",109,2,63,"Caspofungin用於治療黴菌感染，下列何者為其作用機轉？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"抑制核酸合成","改變細胞膜的滲透性","抑制麥角固醇（ergosterol）的合成","抑制細胞壁生成","D",null,[],"本題考點在於抗黴菌藥Caspofungin的作用機轉。考點在於echinocandin類對真菌細胞壁的破壞:Caspofungin抑制β-glucan合成酶,阻斷真菌細胞壁必需成分β-glucan合成,使細胞壁缺損而死,故選D。A的抑制核酸合成是flucytosine的機轉。B的改變細胞膜滲透性是polyene類amphotericin B結合麥角固醇造成膜穿孔。C的抑制麥角固醇合成是azole類抑制14-α去甲基酶的機轉。三者皆針對核酸或細胞膜,唯Caspofungin作用於細胞壁,為正解。","抗黴菌四大機轉:細胞壁(echinocandin抑β-glucan合成,-fungin字尾)、細胞膜結合(polyene amphotericin B結麥角固醇打洞)、麥角固醇合成(azole抑14-α-demethylase)、核酸(flucytosine轉5-FU)。人體細胞無細胞壁,故echinocandin選擇毒性佳、副作用少。記憶「fungin打牆(cell wall)」。可連結真菌細胞壁β-glucan、azole與polyene比較複習。",[25,27,30,32],{"term":26,"count":11},"真菌細胞壁",{"term":28,"count":29},"Caspofungin",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"echinocandin",{"term":33,"count":29},"β-glucan合成酶",[35,39,44,49,54,60],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-064","口服四環素類（tetracyclines）治療感染時，最不適宜採用下列何種方式？",64,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-080","下列何種藥物治療蟠尾絲蟲（Onchocerca volvulus）引起的河川盲（river blindness）為首選藥物，而且病人副作用最小？",80,110,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":29},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-014","下列何者會發出滋養肺臟的支氣管動脈？",14,111,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-032","下列何種藥物的清除半衰期（elimination half-life）最長？",32,112,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":59},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-036","下列藥物中，何者為抗凝血劑（anticoagulant），主要用於預防深層靜脈栓塞（deep vein thrombosis）生成？",36,113,3,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":29},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-030","葡萄狀肉瘤（sarcoma botryoides）的腫瘤細胞是往那個方向分化（differentiation）？",30,115,"2026-09-04",1788510715297]