[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-059":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-109-2-基礎醫學-059","nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-059",109,2,59,"下列降血壓藥，何者常見的副作用為咳嗽？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"Captopril","Furosemide","Prazosin","Carvedilol","A",null,[],"本題考點在於降血壓藥物的類別特異性副作用。考點在於ACE抑制劑造成乾咳的機轉:Captopril屬血管收縮素轉化酶(ACE)抑制劑,抑制ACE同時使緩激肽(bradykinin)無法被分解而堆積,刺激呼吸道引發乾咳,故選A。B的Furosemide是亨利氏環利尿劑,副作用以低血鉀、脫水為主,非咳嗽。C的Prazosin是α1阻斷劑,以首劑姿勢性低血壓為特徵。D的Carvedilol是兼具α與β阻斷的降壓藥,以心搏減慢、疲倦為主。三者副作用皆與咳嗽無關,唯ACE抑制劑因緩激肽堆積引發乾咳,為正解。","ACE抑制劑雙效:抑制血管收縮素II生成(降壓)且抑制緩激肽分解;緩激肽與P物質堆積刺激氣道致乾咳,也是血管性水腫的機轉。若不耐乾咳,可改用ARB(血管收縮素受體阻斷劑,不影響緩激肽故少咳嗽)。ACEI字尾多為-pril。注意高血鉀、腎功能與懷孕禁忌。記憶「pril→緩激肽→咳」。可連結RAAS系統、ARB與ACEI比較、血管性水腫複習。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":26,"count":11},"ACE抑制劑",{"term":15,"count":28},1,{"term":30,"count":28},"緩激肽(bradykinin)",{"term":32,"count":28},"乾咳副作用",[34,38,43,48,53,59],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-060","Cimetidine抑制胃酸分泌的藥理作用，為下列何種機轉？",60,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":28},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-076","關於各型大腸桿菌（Escherichia coli）的敘述，下列何者正確？",76,110,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":28},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-010","卵巢排卵（ovulation）時，卵母細胞（oocyte）的減數分裂（meiosis），停留在那一時期？",10,111,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-028","病毒會針對特定細胞或組織造成傷害，取決於病毒的組織趨向性（tropism），下列何因素對組織趨向性的影響最小？",28,112,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":58},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-032","下列安眠藥中，何者能活化 melatonin receptor（褪黑激素受體）？",32,113,3,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":28},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-026","下列何種疾病會出現 Barts 氏血紅素（Hb Barts）？",26,115,"2026-09-04",1788510715271]