[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":68},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-039":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":37,"lastmod":67},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-2-基礎醫學-039","nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-039",109,2,39,"有關杭汀頓氏病（Huntington disease）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"是一種舞蹈症（chorea）","是一種體染色體顯性遺傳疾病","通常在兒童期發病","與大腦尾核（caudate nucleus）及殼腦（putamen）內的神經元持續退化有關","C",null,[],"本題考點是杭汀頓氏舞蹈症(Huntington disease)的特徵,屬「找錯誤」題。依神經遺傳學,此病典型於30-50歲的中年期發病,而非兒童期,故C「通常在兒童期發病」為錯誤敘述,即為正解。A正確:主要臨床表現為舞蹈症(chorea),即不自主、快速、無目的的舞動動作。B正確:此病為體染色體顯性遺傳,由第4對染色體HTT基因的CAG三核苷酸重複擴增所致。D正確:病理上與紋狀體尾核(caudate nucleus)與殼核(putamen)的神經元進行性退化萎縮有關。故唯一與事實相反者為發病年齡,選C。","Huntington病:CAG重複次數愈多發病愈早、症狀愈重,且世代間有「早發現象(anticipation)」,尤以父系遺傳明顯。病理見尾核與殼核GABA性中型棘狀神經元流失,影像顯示側腦室因尾核萎縮而擴大呈蝴蝶狀。臨床三聯:運動(舞蹈症、後期僵直)、認知(失智)、精神(憂鬱、人格改變)。體染色體顯性=子女各有50%機率遺傳。記憶:「中年發病、CAG擴增、尾核殼核萎縮、舞蹈+失智」,凡寫「兒童期發病」皆錯。",[25,28,31,33,35],{"term":26,"count":27},"體染色體顯性遺傳",4,{"term":29,"count":30},"杭汀頓氏病",1,{"term":32,"count":30},"CAG重複擴增",{"term":34,"count":30},"尾核與殼核退化",{"term":36,"count":30},"舞蹈症",[38,42,47,51,56,62],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-040","下列何種變化最可能發生在凋亡（apoptosis）的細胞？",40,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":30},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-056","下列何者不是 phenytoin 的副作用？",56,110,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":46,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-070","下列何種細胞源於卵黃囊，發育後長期駐守在組織中，負責組織維護與修復的功能？",70,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-008","分泌鹼性黏液之布氏腺（Brunner’s glands）主要位於消化道何處？",8,112,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":61},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-012","車禍造成大腦枕葉損傷，最可能造成下列何種症狀？",12,113,3,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":65,"year":66,"session":30},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-006","神經細胞於靜止膜電位階段，細胞膜對鈉離子與鉀離子的通透性為何？",6,115,"2026-09-04",1788510715092]