[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-029":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":37,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-2-基礎醫學-029","nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-029",109,2,29,"高鉀食物會造成下列那一段腎小管增加鉀的分泌？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"近曲小管","亨式彎管上行支","亨式彎管下行支","集尿管","D",null,[],"本題考點是腎小管鉀離子分泌的主要部位與調控。依腎臟生理,飲食高鉀時鉀的排泄主要靠遠端腎元(遠曲小管後段與集尿管)的主細胞(principal cells)在醛固酮作用下增加鉀分泌,故正解D「集尿管」。A近曲小管主要是重吸收鉀與大量鈉、水、葡萄糖,並非受飲食調節的鉀分泌部位。B亨氏環上行支主要透過Na-K-2Cl共同運輸體重吸收鉀,屬回收而非分泌。C亨氏環下行支主要透水、對溶質相對不通透,不負責鉀分泌。故高鉀飲食下增加鉀分泌的主場在集尿管,選D。","集尿管主細胞:醛固酮上調基底側Na-K-ATP幫浦與頂膜ENaC鈉通道及ROMK鉀通道,鈉重吸收造成管腔負電位,驅動鉀經ROMK分泌入尿。故高鉀直接刺激腎上腺分泌醛固酮→促鉀排出,是血鉀恆定的核心迴路。臨床:醛固酮過多(Conn氏症)致低血鉀;保鉀利尿劑(spironolactone拮抗醛固酮、amiloride阻ENaC)則升鉀。記憶:「近端回收、遠端調節」,鉀的排多排少由集尿管拍板。",[25,28,31,33,35],{"term":26,"count":27},"醛固酮",6,{"term":29,"count":30},"集尿管主細胞",1,{"term":32,"count":30},"鉀離子分泌",{"term":34,"count":30},"ROMK鉀通道",{"term":36,"count":30},"遠端腎元",[38,42,47,51,56,61],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-030","若以潮氣容積（tidal volume）200毫升，呼吸頻率40次／分鐘的方式持續呼吸30秒，會發生下列何種現象？",30,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":30},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-046","克林氏潰瘍（Curling ulcer）最容易發生在那種病人身上？",46,110,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":46,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-060","有關具黏膜保護作用的 Sucralfate 敘述，下列何者錯誤？",60,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":30},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-048","小兒麻痺病毒（polio virus）所引起的小兒麻痺曾經使人類引以為懼，但自有了疫苗後，對人類的威脅大為減低，對這二個疫苗，下列敘述何者正確？",48,112,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":11,"year":59,"session":60},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-002","下列何者受坐骨神經（sciatic nerve）支配？",113,3,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":45,"year":64,"session":60},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-046","有關腸內菌造成疾病的方式，下列敘述何者最適當？",114,"2026-09-04",1788510714998]