[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-027":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-109-2-基礎醫學-027","nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-027",109,2,27,"男性心血管疾病發生率高於非更年期女性，主要是下列何種因素導致此現象？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"雄性素增加血漿LDL，降低HDL","雌性素增加血漿LDL，降低HDL","雄性素增加男性紅血球數目","雌性素增加女性對鈣離子的吸收","A",null,[],"本題考點是性荷爾蒙對血脂與心血管風險的差異影響。依脂質代謝生理,雄性素(androgen)會提高血漿低密度脂蛋白(LDL,壞膽固醇)並降低高密度脂蛋白(HDL,好膽固醇),使動脈粥狀硬化風險上升,這正是男性心血管疾病發生率高於停經前女性的主因,正解A。B把作用歸給雌性素方向錯誤:雌激素實際是降低LDL、升高HDL,具保護作用,而非增LDL降HDL。C雄性素刺激紅血球生成雖為真,但紅血球數目與此處心血管疾病的性別差異主因無直接關係。D雌性素促進鈣吸收與骨質保護有關,並非心血管疾病性別差異的解釋。故選A。","雌激素心血管保護機轉:升HDL、降LDL、改善血管內皮一氧化氮舒張、抗氧化,故停經前女性冠心病較少;停經後雌激素驟降,風險漸追上男性。雄性素反向惡化血脂並增血球容積比(紅血球↑增黏稠度)。臨床印證:多囊性卵巢(高雄性素)女性代謝與心血管風險增加。記憶:雌激素=血管的「好朋友」(HDL↑LDL↓),雄性素相反。注意荷爾蒙補充療法對心血管的實際效益因時機而異,屬考試延伸概念。",[25,27,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":11},"雌激素",{"term":28,"count":29},"雄性素",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"LDL",{"term":33,"count":29},"HDL",{"term":35,"count":29},"心血管疾病性別差異",[37,41,46,50,55,60],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-028","下列何者為心臟收縮最主要的能量來源？",28,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":29},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-044","下列何者不是威爾森氏病（Wilson disease）的特徵？",44,110,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":45,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-058","Propranolol 治療甲狀腺亢奮引起之震顫及心悸，但病人有下列何種疾病時，不宜使用？",58,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":29},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-046","下列何者為第二期梅毒患者的主要臨床症狀？",46,112,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-050","下列何者為中華肝吸蟲（Clonorchis sinensis）最常見的感染方式？",50,113,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":44,"year":63,"session":64},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-044","有關過敏反應，下列何者不是由抗體引起？",114,3,"2026-09-04",1788510714982]