[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-025":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":37,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-2-基礎醫學-025","nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-025",109,2,25,"下列何種激素的作用，最可能抑制個體生長？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"皮質醇（cortisol）","體介素（somatomedins）","甲狀腺素（thyroid hormone）","胰島素（insulin）","A",null,[],"本題考點是各激素對個體生長的調節方向。依內分泌學,長期或過量的皮質醇(cortisol)具強烈分解代謝與抗合成作用,會抑制蛋白質合成、促進蛋白分解、干擾生長激素與體介素功能並抑制骨骼生長,故在兒童過量時最可能抑制生長,正解A。B體介素(somatomedins,即IGF)是生長激素作用於肝臟後產生的介質,直接促進軟骨與骨骼生長,方向相反。C甲狀腺素(thyroid hormone)為生長與骨骼成熟所必需,缺乏才會生長遲滯,正常則促生長。D胰島素(insulin)是合成代謝激素,促進蛋白質與能量儲存,有利生長。故唯有皮質醇抑制生長。","生長調控主軸:GH→肝臟生成IGF-1(somatomedin C)→促軟骨細胞增生。促生長激素含GH、IGF、甲狀腺素、胰島素、性荷爾蒙(青春期);抑制生長者為過量糖皮質固酮。臨床印證:兒童長期使用類固醇或庫欣氏症會生長遲緩;先天甲狀腺低下(呆小症cretinism)則智能與生長俱損。記憶:皮質醇是「壓力分解荷爾蒙」,升糖、分解蛋白、抗生長;IGF\u002F甲狀腺素\u002F胰島素則屬「建設性」促生長。",[25,28,30,33,35],{"term":26,"count":27},"生長激素",7,{"term":29,"count":11},"甲狀腺素",{"term":31,"count":32},"皮質醇分解代謝",1,{"term":34,"count":32},"體介素IGF",{"term":36,"count":32},"糖皮質固酮抑制生長",[38,42,47,51,56,61],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-026","18歲女性外表，沒有月經，性染色體為XY，其細胞對雄性素不敏感，在此病人所表現的病徵中，下列何者是因為缺乏雄性素接受器所造成？",26,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":32},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-042","下列有關栓塞（embolism）的敘述，何者最不適當？",42,110,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":46,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-056","成癮性物質中，下列何者之身體依賴性相對較高？",56,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":32},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-044","下列何種致病菌不是主要經由呼吸道感染人體？",44,112,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-048","有關猴痘，下列敘述何者最適當？",48,113,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":45,"year":64,"session":65},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-042","下列何種抗體常以雙聚體方式分泌？",114,3,"2026-09-04",1788510714955]