[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-046":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":37,"lastmod":66},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-109-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-046","nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-046",109,1,46,"有關流行病學研究法的描述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"世代研究法（Cohort study）可探討疾病的發生率","生態研究法（Ecological study）可計算疾病的相對危險性","橫斷研究法（Cross-sectional study）可探討疾病的因果時序","病例對照法（Case-control study）以研究對象是否暴露某危險因子為起始點","A",null,[],"本題考點在於各流行病學研究設計可推估的指標。依世代研究法(Cohort study)由暴露往結果前瞻追蹤的特性,可直接觀察新發病例、計算發生率(incidence)與相對危險性,故 A 正確,選 A。B 錯誤,生態研究法以群體為分析單位,只能看關聯趨勢、無法計算個體層次的相對危險性,且有生態謬誤。C 錯誤,橫斷研究法在同一時間點同時測暴露與疾病,無法確立因果時序(誰先誰後)。D 錯誤,病例對照法以研究對象『是否罹病』(有病無病)為起始點回溯暴露,而非以『是否暴露』為起點,起點描述剛好顛倒。","研究法速記:Cohort(世代,暴露→追蹤結果)可算發生率與 RR,能建立時序;Case-control(病例對照,有病→回溯暴露)只能算 OR,起點是『疾病狀態』;Cross-sectional(橫斷,同時測)算盛行率,無法定時序;Ecological(生態,群體單位)只看關聯、有生態謬誤。本題四個錯誤點分別對應各設計最典型的限制,是研究方法的核心分辨題。",[24,27,30,33,35],{"term":25,"count":26},"發生率",5,{"term":28,"count":29},"相對危險性",3,{"term":31,"count":32},"世代研究法",2,{"term":34,"count":10},"病例對照法",{"term":36,"count":10},"橫斷與生態研究限制",[38,42,46,51,56,61],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-047","不同廠牌的流感快篩試劑的品質檢測中，A 廠牌檢測的敏感度為 90%，特異度為 95%；B 廠牌的敏感度為 97%，特異度為 86%。下列敘述何者正確？",47,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":9,"session":32},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-063","若要探討慢性疾病的致病機轉，下列那種致病模式最不適合？",63,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-077","李先生是高血壓個案，喜愛從事的休閒活動包括：①洗三溫暖 ②打太極拳 ③舉重訓練 ④游泳，社區護理師應建議他避免那些活動？",77,110,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":32},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-035","根據 DSM-5 診斷準則，智能不足嚴重度的分類，下列何者最不適當？",35,111,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":32},"nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-079","65 歲陳女士有高血壓及高血脂之狀況，下列何項護理指導最不適當？",79,112,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":29},"nurse-113-3-psychiatric-community-043","有關婦女更年期的健康議題敘述，下列何者最不適當？",43,113,"2026-09-04",1788510714408]