[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-067":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":32,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-109-1-內外科護理學-067","nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-067",109,1,67,"有關糖尿病的藥物治療之敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"metformin 為雙胍類（biguanides）抗血糖藥物，是治療糖尿病的首選藥物，肝腎功能異常者須慎用","glipizide 為磺醯脲類（sulfonylureas）抗血糖藥物，與 β 細胞磺醯脲類受體結合，刺激胰島素分泌，應於飯後服用","acarbose 為 α 糖苷酶抑制劑（α-glucosidase inhibitors），在小腸抑制澱粉分解，延緩葡萄糖吸收，應於飯前服用","exenatide 為類升糖素肽受體促效劑（GLP-1 receptor agonists），促進 GLP-1 的功能，刺激胰島素分泌與抑制升糖素分泌，採肌肉注射","A",null,[],"本題考點為糖尿病口服與注射降血糖藥的藥理。A正確:metformin屬雙胍類,主要抑制肝臟糖質新生、增加胰島素敏感性,為第2型糖尿病首選藥,因具乳酸中毒風險故肝腎功能異常者須慎用。B錯誤,磺醯脲類glipizide刺激胰島素分泌應「飯前」服用以配合餐後血糖;C錯誤,α糖苷酶抑制劑acarbose須「隨第一口飯」同服才能延緩澱粉分解,非飯前;D錯誤,exenatide(GLP-1受體促效劑)為「皮下注射」而非肌肉注射,故正確者為A。","口服降糖藥給藥時機口訣:磺醯脲類飯前30分、acarbose隨餐第一口、metformin隨餐減腸胃不適。metformin不致低血糖但禁用於腎功能差(乳酸中毒風險),顯影劑檢查前須暫停。GLP-1受體促效劑與胰島素皆皮下注射,兼具減重與抑制升糖素效果。",[24,26,28,30],{"term":25,"count":10},"metformin雙胍類",{"term":27,"count":10},"磺醯脲類glipizide",{"term":29,"count":10},"acarbose α糖苷酶抑制劑",{"term":31,"count":10},"GLP-1受體促效劑皮下注射",[33,37,42,47,52,58],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-068","有關糖尿病酮酸中毒（DKA）的敘述，下列何者正確？",68,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":41,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-004","因車禍造成左側胸椎第 6 節受傷的病人，出現脊髓半側截斷症候群，下列敘述何者正確？",4,110,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":41,"session":46},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-018","有關腔隙症候群的處置，下列何者正確？",18,2,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":46},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-056","評估慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）病人的呼吸道阻塞嚴重度，下列何者為最重要的評估指標？",56,111,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":57},"nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-020","有關心臟衰竭病人的照護，下列何者正確？①採高坐臥姿勢可以減少心臟後負荷 ②限水限鹽分的攝取是為了減少前負荷 ③使用動脈血管擴張劑可以降低周邊血管阻力及後負荷 ④使用嗎啡可以改善呼吸喘但無法減輕心臟負荷",20,112,3,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-014","下列何者為充滿血管可以供應眼球及視網膜血液及營養的構造？",14,114,"2026-09-04",1788510712921]