[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":68},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-044":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":37,"lastmod":67},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-109-1-內外科護理學-044","nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-044",109,1,44,"有關過敏性休克之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"過敏反應發生後數分鐘內休克，可能會有死亡的危機","因接觸外來物質所引起，如藥物、花粉、灰塵等","由嗜酸性細胞釋出具血管活性的介質，如組織胺、白三烯素","再次碰到相同過敏原，會產生大量抗體 IgE","C",null,[],"本題考點為過敏性休克(anaphylactic shock)的免疫機轉。過敏性休克屬第一型過敏反應,由IgE媒介,再次接觸過敏原時肥大細胞與嗜鹼性球去顆粒化,釋出組織胺、白三烯素等血管活性介質,造成全身血管擴張與通透性增加而休克,故A、B、D敘述正確。C錯誤在於將釋放介質的細胞誤植為嗜酸性細胞(eosinophil);實際負責釋出組織胺與白三烯素的是肥大細胞與嗜鹼性球,嗜酸性細胞主要參與寄生蟲防禦與過敏後期反應,並非急性介質的主要來源,故錯誤選項為C。","記憶重點:第一型過敏「IgE→肥大細胞\u002F嗜鹼性球→組織胺、白三烯素」為速發型,可對比第四型為T細胞媒介的遲發型。嗜酸性球升高常見於過敏體質與寄生蟲感染,屬慢性期而非速發休克主角。臨床最速效解除支氣管痙攣與血管擴張者為腎上腺素(adrenaline)肌肉注射。",[24,27,30,33,35],{"term":25,"count":26},"第一型過敏反應",7,{"term":28,"count":29},"IgE",4,{"term":31,"count":32},"過敏性休克",3,{"term":34,"count":10},"肥大細胞",{"term":36,"count":10},"組織胺與白三烯素",[38,42,47,52,57,62],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-045","一位 30 歲女性主訴最近出現皮膚對光敏感、對稱性關節疼痛、口腔潰瘍，另補體 C 3 及 C 4 減少、抗核抗體（ANA）呈現陽性、紅血球沉降速率（ESR）明顯上升、血小板減少，下列何者為其最可能之診斷？",45,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":9,"session":46},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-061","有關壓力性尿失禁的治療與照護，下列何者錯誤？",61,2,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-075","承上題，下列處置何者錯誤？",75,110,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":46},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-033","有關搭飛機長程旅行後常會出現深部靜脈栓塞的主要原因，下列何者正確？",33,111,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":46},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-077","有關敗血症第一小時組合照護（hour-1 bundle）之敘述，下列何者正確？①應快給與抗生素使用，但須先做血液培養 ②施打 1 種或多種廣效抗生素療程約 7～10 天 ③病人低血壓或血清乳酸值大於 2 mmol\u002FL，應儘快輸液以 40 mL\u002Fkg 量輸注 ④病人低血壓在輸液後維持平均動脈壓至少大於或等於 60 mmHg",77,112,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":65,"year":66,"session":32},"nurse-113-3-medical-surgical-041","有關腎臟癌的臨床表徵，下列何者錯誤？",41,113,"2026-09-04",1788510712714]