[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-013":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-109-1-內外科護理學-013","nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-013",109,1,13,"有關風濕熱之敘述，下列何者正確？①最常侵犯三尖瓣 ②須使用抗生素治療 ③應多從事體能活動以強化心臟功能 ④若有心衰竭症狀須採低鹽飲食",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"①③","①④","②③","②④","D",null,[],"本題考點在於風濕熱的病理與照護原則。風濕熱是A族β溶血性鏈球菌感染後的自體免疫反應，須用抗生素（penicillin）清除鏈球菌並預防復發，故敘述②正確；急性期心臟已受累（心肌炎、瓣膜炎），若合併心衰竭須限鈉以減輕水分滯留與前負荷，故④正確，兩者組合為選項D。敘述①錯在最常侵犯的是二尖瓣（僧帽瓣）而非三尖瓣，因二尖瓣承受壓力最大最易受損。敘述③錯在急性期心臟發炎階段須臥床休息以減少心臟負荷，鼓勵體能活動反而加重心肌耗氧與損傷，與治療原則相反。故正確組合為②④。","風濕熱依Jones準則診斷，主要表現含心臟炎、多發性關節炎、舞蹈症、環狀紅斑、皮下結節；瓣膜受損順序記為「二尖瓣＞主動脈瓣＞三尖瓣」，因左心壓力最高。鏈球菌M蛋白與心肌抗原分子相似（分子模擬），引發交叉免疫攻擊。長效penicillin須規律預防性使用數年至成年，以防再次咽炎誘發復發性瓣膜破壞。",[24,27,29,31,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"風濕熱",4,{"term":28,"count":10},"A族β溶血性鏈球菌",{"term":30,"count":10},"二尖瓣受損",{"term":32,"count":10},"分子模擬機轉",{"term":34,"count":10},"心衰竭低鈉飲食",[36,40,45,50,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-014","有關腦脊髓液的檢查，下列何者異常？",14,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":9,"session":44},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-030","曾先生心臟衰竭住院，住院時出現臉色蒼白、冒冷汗、陣發性夜間呼吸困難及咳出大量帶有血絲的泡沫痰。請問曾先生出現那一種合併症？",30,2,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-044","下列皮膚病灶何者是原發性皮膚病變？",44,110,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":44,"year":53,"session":44},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-002","有關脊髓損傷後脊髓休克期照護的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",111,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":44},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-046","熱燒傷病人進行水療法時之護理措施，下列何者最適宜？",46,112,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":64},"nurse-113-3-medical-surgical-010","有關急性胰臟炎的敘述，下列何者正確？①常見的原因是膽道疾病及飲酒過量 ②血清澱粉酶及血鈣的數值過高 ③會出現下腹巨痛或疼痛輻射至右肩 ④急性期後，仍需採低脂飲食",10,113,3,"2026-09-04",1788510712413]