[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-maternal-pediatric-060":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"產兒科護理學","maternal-pediatric",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-109-1-產兒科護理學-060","nurse-109-1-maternal-pediatric-060",109,1,60,"有關兒童住院壓力，下列敘述何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"嬰兒住院，最主要的壓力源是與父母分離","幼兒會以合理化方式，來因應其住院帶來的限制","學齡前期兒童常誤解其住院原因，而出現罪惡感","學齡期兒童可以理解生病的原因是來自外在的","B",null,[],"本題考點在於各發展階段兒童對住院壓力的因應機轉。依認知發展理論，幼兒期（toddler）認知尚未成熟，面對住院限制主要以抗議、退化與分離焦慮反應，而非「合理化」這種需要較高抽象思考的防衛機轉，故 B 敘述錯誤、為答案。A 正確，嬰兒最主要壓力源是與主要照顧者分離，反映依附需求。C 正確，學齡前兒童常有魔幻思考（magical thinking），誤以為生病是自己做錯事的懲罰而產生罪惡感。D 正確，學齡期兒童認知進入具體運思，能理解生病是外在因素（如細菌）造成。三者皆符合發展特徵，唯 B 高估了幼兒的認知防衛能力。","發展對照表：嬰兒—分離焦慮（抗議、絕望、疏離三階段）；幼兒—失去自主與退化行為；學齡前—魔幻思考導致罪惡感、害怕身體傷害；學齡期—具體運思能理解病因、在意能力與規則；青少年—在意身體形象與同儕。合理化（rationalization）屬成熟防衛機轉，需抽象推理能力，幼兒尚不具備，是本題的關鍵破綻。",[24,27,30,32,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"分離焦慮",13,{"term":28,"count":29},"具體運思期",6,{"term":31,"count":10},"住院壓力發展階段差異",{"term":33,"count":10},"魔幻思考與罪惡感",{"term":35,"count":10},"合理化防衛機轉",[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-maternal-pediatric-061","護理師為 6 個月大嬰兒進行肌肉注射，下列處理方式何者最適當？",61,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":9,"session":45},"nurse-109-2-maternal-pediatric-077","有關提供癲癇病童長期服用抗癲癇藥物的護理措施，下列何者錯誤？",77,2,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":45},"nurse-110-2-maternal-pediatric-011","陳女士 G 2 P 1 待產時發現胎位為枕後位，主訴腰酸疼痛，下列護理措施何者不適當？",11,110,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":45},"nurse-111-2-maternal-pediatric-049","有關兒童疼痛的處理，下列何者最不適當？",49,111,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":26,"year":59,"session":60},"nurse-112-3-maternal-pediatric-013","鄒女士，33 歲，為陰道生產之初產婦。選擇在母嬰親善醫院生產並計劃依循衛生福利部國民健康署對嬰幼兒最佳餵養建議，下列敘述何者不適當？",112,3,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":10},"nurse-114-1-maternal-pediatric-007","有關待產婦因過度產痛所引起的不良生理變化，下列敘述何者錯誤？",7,114,"2026-09-04",1788510713708]