[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-maternal-pediatric-048":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":32,"lastmod":62},"產兒科護理學","maternal-pediatric",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-109-1-產兒科護理學-048","nurse-109-1-maternal-pediatric-048",109,1,48,"有關兒童氣喘（Asthma）的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"臺灣常見的過敏原是海鮮","發作時呼吸道平滑肌舒張","與遺傳體質、環境無關","IgE 免疫球蛋白會增加","D",null,[],"本題考點在於兒童氣喘的免疫與病生理特徵。依過敏免疫學,氣喘屬第一型過敏反應,過敏原刺激下B細胞產生的IgE免疫球蛋白會增加,結合肥大細胞誘發去顆粒與發炎介質釋放,故D「IgE免疫球蛋白會增加」正確。A錯誤,台灣兒童氣喘最常見的吸入性過敏原是「塵蟎」,而非海鮮。B錯誤,氣喘發作時支氣管平滑肌是「收縮痙攣」並伴黏膜水腫與黏液增加造成呼氣困難,而非舒張。C錯誤,氣喘與遺傳過敏體質及環境過敏原密切相關,並非無關。因此正確者為D。","氣喘三大病理:支氣管平滑肌痙攣、氣道慢性發炎與黏膜水腫、黏液分泌增加,導致可逆性氣流阻塞與喘鳴。屬IgE媒介的Type I過敏,肥大細胞釋出組織胺、白三烯等。台灣主要吸入過敏原為塵蟎(其次為蟑螂、黴菌、寵物皮屑)。用藥概念:急性期用短效β2致效劑鬆弛支氣管,長期控制用吸入型類固醇抗發炎。記憶要點:「IgE升、塵蟎為首、發作是收縮不是舒張」。可連結異位性體質三聯症(氣喘、過敏性鼻炎、異位性皮膚炎)一併複習。",[24,26,28,30],{"term":25,"count":10},"兒童氣喘",{"term":27,"count":10},"IgE 第一型過敏",{"term":29,"count":10},"支氣管平滑肌痙攣",{"term":31,"count":10},"塵蟎過敏原",[33,37,42,47,52,57],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-maternal-pediatric-049","林小弟，13 歲，學校體檢時發現上肢血壓高，鼠蹊脈搏較上肢脈搏微弱，主訴頭痛，常常感覺腳部冰冷，林小弟可能罹患下列何種疾病？",49,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":41},"nurse-109-2-maternal-pediatric-065","有關胎血循環的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",65,2,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-maternal-pediatric-079","張小弟，5 個月，因水腦症入院，為預防顱內壓升高，下列護理措施何者不適當？",79,110,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":41},"nurse-111-2-maternal-pediatric-037","女性於經期不適時建議可補充的維生素為何？",37,111,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":10,"year":55,"session":56},"nurse-112-3-maternal-pediatric-001","有關婦嬰生命統計，下列何者正確？",112,3,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":56},"nurse-113-3-maternal-pediatric-045","有關乳糜或粥樣瀉（celiac disease）的敘述，下列何者正確？",45,113,"2026-09-04",1788510713551]