[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-maternal-pediatric-043":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":64},"產兒科護理學","maternal-pediatric",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-109-1-產兒科護理學-043","nurse-109-1-maternal-pediatric-043",109,1,43,"根據羅文費（Viktor Lowenfeld）的兒童繪畫發展階段論，一般兒童從幾歲開始對塗鴉的點、線、圈等加上意義或命名？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"2～2.5 歲","3～3.5 歲","5～5.5 歲","6～6.5 歲","B",null,[],"本題考點在於羅文費(Lowenfeld)兒童繪畫發展階段的塗鴉期分期。依其理論,約2至4歲為塗鴉期(scribbling stage),初期為無控制的隨意塗鴉,隨後進入有控制塗鴉,約3至3.5歲進入「命名塗鴉期(named scribbling)」,兒童開始對自己畫的點、線、圈賦予意義或命名,故選B。A的2至2.5歲多仍屬未分化的隨意塗鴉,尚未穩定命名。C的5至5.5歲與D的6至6.5歲已進入樣式化前期以圖形象徵物體,超過開始命名的起點。因此開始為塗鴉命名的年齡為B3至3.5歲。","羅文費繪畫發展序列:塗鴉期(2–4歲,含隨意→控制→命名塗鴉)→樣式化前期(4–7歲,蝌蚪人、以符號代表物)→樣式化期(7–9歲,基底線與概念定型)。命名塗鴉是「符號思考萌芽」的里程碑,對應皮亞傑前運思期象徵功能的出現。記憶要點:「約3歲半,線圈開始有名字」。可與皮亞傑認知發展、艾瑞克森自主對羞愧階段等同年齡發展理論交叉對照複習。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"前運思期",7,{"term":28,"count":10},"羅文費繪畫發展階段",{"term":30,"count":10},"塗鴉期命名塗鴉",{"term":32,"count":10},"象徵功能萌芽",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-maternal-pediatric-044","有關護理師在醫院中運用治療性遊戲（Therapeutic play）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",44,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":42},"nurse-109-2-maternal-pediatric-060","小花 6 個月，疑似罹患呼吸道融合病毒，有關採檢相關的敘述，下列何者最適當？",60,2,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-maternal-pediatric-074","兒童是易受輪狀病毒感染的高危險群，為預防輪狀病毒感染，有關家屬的護理指導，下列敘述何者錯誤？",74,110,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":42},"nurse-111-2-maternal-pediatric-032","有關孕婦前置胎盤的症狀敘述，下列何者錯誤？",32,111,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":42},"nurse-112-2-maternal-pediatric-076","吳小弟，5 個月大，持續腹瀉，有關護理指導的敘述，下列何者較不適當？",76,112,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":63},"nurse-113-3-maternal-pediatric-040","2 歲的王小弟罹患先天性心臟病，以毛地黃（digoxin）治療，一天服用兩次。下列敘述何者正確？",40,113,3,"2026-09-04",1788510713488]