[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-078":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-078","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-078",109,1,78,"微生物學家科霍（Robert Koch）提出特定疾病病原的判斷原則，稱之為科霍假說（Koch’s postulate）。基於現代科技的進展，在應用的過程，科霍假說不適用於下列那一種疾病？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"麻疹（Measles）","傷寒（Typhoid Fever）","蜂窩性組織炎（Cellulitis）","帕金森氏症（Parkinson’s Disease）","D",null,[],"本題考點是柯霍假說（Koch's postulate）的適用限制。柯霍假說要求病原能自病灶分離、純培養並再接種重現疾病；帕金森氏症屬神經退化性疾病，並非單一可培養微生物所致，無法滿足此準則，故最不適用，選 D。A 麻疹、B 傷寒、C 蜂窩性組織炎皆有明確可分離、可培養（或可辨識）的病原微生物，符合柯霍假說的傳染病模型。","柯霍假說四原則：病原存在於所有患者、可從病灶分離純培養、接種健康宿主能致同病、再從新病灶分離出同病原。其限制包括：無法培養的病原（如麻風桿菌、病毒早期）、無症狀帶原者，以及「非感染性」疾病。帕金森氏症由多巴胺神經元退化與 α-synuclein 病理造成，無單一病原，故根本不在傳染病框架內。記憶：柯霍假說只適用「病原→傳染病」的因果，退化性疾病出局。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":26,"count":11},"柯霍假說四原則",{"term":28,"count":11},"純培養與再接種",{"term":30,"count":11},"帕金森氏症神經退化",{"term":32,"count":11},"非感染性疾病限制",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-079","下列關於肺炎披衣菌（Chlamydophila pneumoniae）的敘述何者錯誤？",79,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-015","下列何者不是由腹膜（peritoneum）衍生形成的構造？",15,110,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":47},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-029","有關表面作用劑（surfactant）敘述，下列何者錯誤？",29,2,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-017","心肌細胞快速反應之高原期（plateau phase），主要是因為那種離子持續流入所造成？",17,112,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":47},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-021","下列何者與營養不良性鈣化（dystrophic calcification）最不相關？",21,113,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":41,"year":61,"session":62},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-015","有關甲狀腺素（thyroxine, T4）和三碘甲狀腺素（T3）的比較，下列何者正確？",114,3,"2026-09-04",1788510711609]