[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-061":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-061","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-061",109,1,61,"下列何者為目前唯一可用於治療肌萎縮性側索硬化症之藥物？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"Riluzole","Selegiline","Pramipexole","Apomorphine","A",null,[],"本題考點是肌萎縮性側索硬化症（ALS）的藥物。Riluzole 藉抑制麩胺酸（glutamate）釋放、減少興奮性毒性，是最早獲准並長期作為 ALS 治療的藥物，能略延緩病程，故選 A。B 的 Selegiline 是 MAO-B 抑制劑，用於帕金森氏症。C 的 Pramipexole 是多巴胺受體致效劑，D 的 Apomorphine 也是多巴胺致效劑，三者都屬帕金森氏症用藥，與 ALS 的運動神經元退化機轉不同。","ALS 為上下運動神經元同時退化，機轉之一是麩胺酸興奮性毒性導致運動神經元凋亡。Riluzole 抑制突觸前 glutamate 釋放並阻斷鈉通道，降低此毒性，是延緩存活的口服藥（後續另有抗氧化的 edaravone 針劑）。對比陷阱：selegiline／pramipexole／apomorphine 全是帕金森的多巴胺路徑用藥，考題常以「退化性神經疾病」混淆，關鍵在辨認疾病─標靶配對。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":26,"count":11},"Riluzole 治療 ALS",{"term":28,"count":11},"麩胺酸興奮性毒性",{"term":30,"count":11},"肌萎縮性側索硬化症",{"term":32,"count":11},"多巴胺致效劑帕金森用藥",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-062","下列何者是屬於具有抗發炎作用的氣喘用藥？",62,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":42},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-078","人類免疫不全病毒（HIV）可感染何種細胞，而造成免疫不全症候群？",78,2,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":42},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-012","睪丸主要負責產生精子，是下列那一構造？",12,110,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":42},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-050","生食野生動物的內臟較易感染下列何種絛蟲？",50,111,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":42},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-004","下列何者為隔開心臟的右心房與右心室之間的瓣膜？",4,113,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":42},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-048","引起全身性真菌病的主要真菌病原菌，最常見感染人類的方式為何？",48,114,"2026-09-04",1788510711437]