[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-060":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-060","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-060",109,1,60,"下列何種類鴉片藥物，對 κ-受體的致效劑作用較其對 µ-及 δ-受體的作用強？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"Pentazocine","Morphine","Meperidine","Fentanyl","A",null,[],"本題考點是哪個類鴉片以 κ 受體致效為主。Pentazocine 屬混合型作用劑，對 κ 受體為致效劑、對 µ 受體則為部分致效或拮抗，故其 κ 作用相對強過 µ 與 δ，選 A。B 的 Morphine、C 的 Meperidine、D 的 Fentanyl 都是純 µ 受體致效劑，鎮痛與呼吸抑制主要透過 µ，κ 選擇性不突出。因此在四者中唯 Pentazocine 符合「κ 強於 µ、δ」的描述。","opioid 受體分 µ、κ、δ。µ 主司脊上鎮痛、欣快、呼吸抑制與依賴；κ 主司脊髓鎮痛、鎮靜與精神擬態（dysphoria）。混合致效／拮抗劑（Pentazocine、Nalbuphine、Butorphanol）多為 κ 致效＋µ 部分致效或拮抗，故成癮與呼吸抑制風險較低，但對已用純 µ 致效劑者可能誘發戒斷。記憶：純 µ＝嗎啡家族（morphine\u002Ffentanyl\u002Fmeperidine）；κ 型＝pentazocine。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":26,"count":11},"Pentazocine κ 受體致效",{"term":28,"count":11},"混合型致效拮抗劑",{"term":30,"count":11},"μ 受體純致效劑",{"term":32,"count":11},"opioid 受體亞型",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-061","下列何者為目前唯一可用於治療肌萎縮性側索硬化症之藥物？",61,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":42},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-077","下列何種真菌會產生萌芽管（germ tube）？",77,2,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":42},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-011","血球的生命週期，下列何者最長？",11,110,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":42},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-049","下列何種病毒不具有鞘膜（envelope）？",49,111,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":42},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-003","下列那一條肌肉的收縮可繃緊聲帶？",3,113,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":42},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-047","下列那種細菌感染在傷口通常會出現黃色到橘色的類硫磺顆粒（sulfur granules），常與口腔衛生不佳或是侵入性牙科手術有關？",47,114,"2026-09-04",1788510711425]