[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-056":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-056","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-056",109,1,56,"Beta 腎上腺素受體拮抗劑用於治療心絞痛的藥理作用，不包括下列何者？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"降低心肌收縮力及心跳速率，而減少心肌氧氣需求量","不適合用於變異性心絞痛（variant angina），可能加重該症狀","延長舒張灌流時間，增加心內膜下缺血區之供氧","縮短心臟射血時間，減少心肌耗氧","D",null,[],"本題考點是 β 阻斷劑治療心絞痛的抗缺血機轉，要選「不包括」的錯誤敘述。β 阻斷劑降低心肌需氧、增加供氧的原理是減慢心率與收縮力，並因心率變慢而延長舒張期灌流時間。D 敘述「縮短心臟射血時間」錯誤：β 阻斷劑減慢心跳其實延長各期時間，且抗心絞痛靠的是降需氧而非縮短射血時間，故選 D。A 正確，降收縮力與心率即減少耗氧。B 正確，變異型心絞痛屬冠脈痙攣，β 阻斷後 α 作用相對凸顯反而加重痙攣。C 正確，心率變慢使舒張灌流時間延長，改善心內膜下供血。","心肌氧需求四大決定因子：心率、收縮力、前負荷、後負荷（室壁張力）。β 阻斷劑主要壓低前兩者。冠脈灌流發生在舒張期，心率越慢舒張期越長、心內膜下（最易缺血層）灌流越好，這是 A\u002FC 的生理基礎。變異型（Prinzmetal）心絞痛禁用非選擇性 β 阻斷，因阻 β₂ 後血管 α 收縮無對抗，痙攣加劇，這類病人首選鈣離子阻斷劑。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"β 腎上腺素受體拮抗劑",2,{"term":29,"count":27},"舒張期冠脈灌流",{"term":31,"count":11},"心肌氧需求決定因子",{"term":33,"count":11},"變異型心絞痛冠脈痙攣",[35,39,43,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-057","下列何者不是類鴉片藥物常見的副作用？",57,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":27},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-073","關於幽門螺旋桿菌（Helicobacter pylori）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",73,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":27},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-007","脊髓的齒狀韌帶由下列何者衍生構成？",7,110,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-045","因為 IgG 和可溶性抗原形成免疫複合物（immune complex）造成的過敏反應，屬於那一型過敏反應？",45,111,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-049","有關第16型人類乳突病毒（HPV-16）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",49,113,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":27},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-043","效應 T H 1 細胞可以提供那兩種訊號幫助巨噬細胞進一步活化？",43,114,"2026-09-04",1788510711391]