[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-047":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-047","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-047",109,1,47,"重症肌無力（myasthenia gravis）的主要病變是發生在何處？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"骨骼肌","運動神經元","大腦基底核","神經肌肉接合處","D",null,[],"本題考點是重症肌無力的病變位置。重症肌無力是自體抗體攻擊神經肌肉接合處突觸後膜的乙醯膽鹼受體（AChR），使神經傳遞至肌肉受阻，故主要病變在神經肌肉接合處，選 D。(A) 骨骼肌本身結構正常，病變不在肌肉細胞本體。(B) 運動神經元（如漸凍症 ALS）病變位於神經元胞體或軸突，與此不同。(C) 大腦基底核病變見於帕金森氏症等錐體外系疾病，與重症肌無力無關。故重症肌無力病變在神經肌肉接合處，答案為 D。","重症肌無力（MG）：抗 AChR（或抗 MuSK）自體抗體使突觸後乙醯膽鹼受體減少與補體破壞，臨床特徵為「用進廢退—愈用愈無力、休息改善」，晨輕暮重，先犯眼外肌（複視、眼瞼下垂）。約 65–75% 伴胸腺增生、約 10–15% 伴胸腺瘤。診斷：抗體檢測、反覆神經刺激遞減反應、tensilon 試驗；治療用膽鹼酯酶抑制劑（pyridostigmine）與免疫調節。對比 Lambert-Eaton：抗突觸前鈣通道、愈動愈有力、常伴小細胞肺癌。記憶：MG＝突觸後受體被抗體打掉。",[25,28,29,32,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"重症肌無力",5,{"term":18,"count":27},{"term":30,"count":31},"乙醯膽鹼受體抗體",3,{"term":33,"count":31},"膽鹼酯酶抑制劑",{"term":35,"count":11},"突觸後膜",[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-048","庫辛氏病（Cushing’s disease）的原因為何？",48,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":10,"session":45},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-064","口服四環素類（tetracyclines）治療感染時，最不適宜採用下列何種方式？",64,2,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-078","下列何種特性不是白色念珠菌（Candida albicans）之主要致病因子？",78,110,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":45},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-036","下列那一個抗心律不整藥物，不適合用來治療陣發性上心室心律不整？",36,111,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-040","下列藥物均能治療新生兒感染，但在考量副作用的前提下，何者是最好的選擇？",40,113,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":45},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-034","下列藥物中，何者屬於長效型 β 2 腎上腺性受體（β 2 adrenergic receptor）致效劑，常用於治療氣喘及慢性阻塞性肺病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease）？",34,114,"2026-09-04",1788510711313]