[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-044":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-044","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-044",109,1,44,"下列口腔黏膜病灶中，轉變成惡性腫瘤機會最高的是：",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"白斑（leukoplakia）","毛狀白斑（hairy leukoplakia）","紅斑（erythroplakia）","口瘡潰瘍（aphthous ulcer）","C",null,[],"本題考點是口腔黏膜癌前病灶的惡性轉化風險比較。紅斑（erythroplakia）的上皮異生程度高，惡性轉化率遠高於其他病灶，故選 C。(A) 白斑（leukoplakia）為排除性診斷的白色斑塊，有癌變可能但比例低於紅斑。(B) 毛狀白斑（hairy leukoplakia）與 EB 病毒及免疫低下（如 HIV）相關，屬感染相關病灶，並非高惡性轉化的癌前病變。(D) 口瘡潰瘍（aphthous ulcer）是良性復發性口腔潰瘍，無明顯惡性轉化風險。故轉惡性機會最高者為紅斑，答案為 C。","口腔癌前病變比較：紅斑（erythroplakia）雖較少見，但約半數以上在切片即已是重度異生或原位\u002F侵襲癌，惡性風險最高；白斑多數為過度角化，惡性轉化率約數個百分點，混雜紅白斑（erythroleukoplakia）風險介於中間偏高。毛狀白斑（側舌，EBV，免疫低下標記）不屬癌前。記憶口訣：「紅比白危險（red is worse than white）」。臨床辨識重點：不可刮除、無法歸因其他病因的紅色黏膜病灶需切片。",[25,27,29,31,33],{"term":26,"count":11},"口腔癌前病變",{"term":28,"count":11},"紅斑erythroplakia",{"term":30,"count":11},"白斑leukoplakia",{"term":32,"count":11},"上皮異生",{"term":34,"count":11},"毛狀白斑EBV",[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-045","一位 25 歲的女性近來莫名嗜睡且神智不清，影像學檢查發現胰臟有一個 2 公分的腫瘤，手術摘除後症狀完全消失，病理檢查結果為胰臟的神經內分泌瘤（neuroendocrine tumor）。她最可能罹患的是：",45,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":10,"session":44},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-061","下列何種藥物屬於腸刺激或腸興奮劑，常與含有docusate的軟便劑合用，用於治療鴉片類藥物引發之便秘？",61,2,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-075","關於組織相容性複合體（MHC）的敘述，下列何者正確？",75,110,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":44},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-033","下列何者不是 1995 年東京地鐵發生沙林（sarin）毒氣攻擊事件受害者的症狀？",33,111,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-037","Milrinone具有強心及擴張血管之功能，長期使用會引發心律不整，此藥物的藥理作用機制為何？",37,113,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":44},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-031","巨環類抗生素（macrolides）最不易引起下列何種副作用？",31,114,"2026-09-04",1788510711284]