[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-042":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-042","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-042",109,1,42,"若家族中有第二型糖尿病的病史，罹患糖尿病的機會也將比較高。第二型糖尿病的遺傳模式屬於：",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"性聯遺傳疾病（sex-linked disorder）","單基因遺傳疾病（single -gene disorder）","多基因遺傳疾病（multigenic disorder）","染色體異常疾病（chromosomal disorder）","C",null,[],"本題考點是第二型糖尿病的遺傳模式。第二型糖尿病由多個基因與環境（肥胖、飲食、活動）交互作用致病，屬多基因（multifactorial／polygenic）遺傳，家族史增加風險但不循單基因規律，故選 C。(A) 性聯遺傳致病基因在性染色體、有性別偏差，與第二型糖尿病不符。(B) 單基因遺傳指單一基因決定（如 MODY 屬特例），一般第二型糖尿病非單基因。(D) 染色體異常疾病指染色體數目或結構變異（如唐氏症），第二型糖尿病無此特徵。故第二型糖尿病屬多基因遺傳，答案為 C。","遺傳模式對比：單基因（孟德爾式，如鐮刀型貧血、MODY）、多基因\u002F多因子（多基因＋環境，如第二型糖尿病、原發性高血壓、冠心病）、染色體異常（如三染色體21）、粒線體遺傳。第二型糖尿病遺傳度高（同卵雙胞胎一致率遠高於異卵），但由眾多小效應變異累積，故家族聚集卻不呈簡單顯隱性。記憶：「常見的慢性病多是多基因＋生活型態」。鑑別 MODY：年輕發病、單基因、體染色體顯性，屬第二型的特殊單基因亞型。",[25,28,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"第二型糖尿病",3,{"term":29,"count":11},"多基因遺傳",{"term":31,"count":11},"多因子疾病",{"term":33,"count":11},"基因與環境交互作用",{"term":35,"count":11},"遺傳度",[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-043","有關急性淋巴母細胞性白血病（Acute lymphoblastic leukemia\u002Flymphoma）的病理敘述，下列何者錯誤？",43,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":10,"session":45},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-059","下列降血壓藥，何者常見的副作用為咳嗽？",59,2,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-073","下列何種器官移植，較可能發生移植體對抗宿主疾病（graft-versus-host disease; GVHD）？",73,110,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":45},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-031","Amantadine 具有抗巴金森氏症的作用，有關其副作用，下列敘述何者錯誤？",31,111,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-035","Fexofenadine較不具鎮靜安眠作用，原因為何？",35,113,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":45},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-029","小腦天幕疝脫（transtentorial herniation），顳葉內側緣被擠壓時，下列何種變化最少見？",29,114,"2026-09-04",1788510711272]