[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-041":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-041","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-041",109,1,41,"一位接受骨髓移植的病患，在術後數週後，皮膚出現皮疹，此皮膚症狀與下列何者最為相關？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"皮膚上皮發生嗜酸性細胞媒介損傷","皮膚上皮發生肥胖細胞媒介損傷","皮膚上皮發生 T 細胞媒介損傷","皮膚上皮發生 B 細胞媒介損傷","C",null,[],"本題考點是骨髓移植後移植物對抗宿主病（GVHD）的免疫機轉。骨髓移植帶入捐者的免疫細胞，其中捐者 T 細胞辨識宿主組織抗原為外來而攻擊，皮膚是主要標的之一，故皮疹屬 T 細胞媒介的上皮損傷，選 C。(A) 嗜酸性細胞媒介多見於過敏或寄生蟲反應，非 GVHD 皮疹主因。(B) 肥胖細胞（肥大細胞）媒介屬第一型過敏反應，非 GVHD 機轉。(D) B 細胞媒介偏向抗體反應，GVHD 主要由捐者 T 淋巴球驅動，非 B 細胞。故骨髓移植後皮疹為 T 細胞媒介損傷，答案為 C。","移植物對抗宿主病（GVHD）三要件：移植物含免疫活性細胞、宿主表現受者不同的組織相容抗原、宿主免疫低下無法排斥移植物。捐者 CD8\u002FCD4 T 細胞攻擊宿主上皮，典型三大標靶器官：皮膚（皮疹、脫屑）、腸道（腹瀉）、肝（膽汁鬱積、黃疸）。與「宿主對抗移植物（排斥）」方向相反。記憶：GVHD＝捐者 T 細胞反咬宿主，屬第四型（遲發、細胞媒介）免疫反應。預防用免疫抑制與 T 細胞去除。",[25,28,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"T細胞媒介",2,{"term":29,"count":27},"第四型過敏反應",{"term":31,"count":27},"骨髓移植",{"term":33,"count":11},"移植物對抗宿主病GVHD",{"term":35,"count":11},"組織相容性抗原",[37,41,45,50,55,60],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-042","若家族中有第二型糖尿病的病史，罹患糖尿病的機會也將比較高。第二型糖尿病的遺傳模式屬於：",42,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":10,"session":27},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-058","Amiodarone為治療心室心搏過速，合併左心室功能受損之首選用藥，下列何者不是長期使用此藥後的副作用？",58,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-072","下列何者不是 prion 的主要特性？",72,110,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":27},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-030","Creutzfeldt-Jakob 病會造成大腦皮質及深部灰質的海綿狀變形（spongiform transformation），這種病的病因主要與下列何者有關？",30,111,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-034","下列何者不屬於類鴉片藥物戒斷症候群？",34,113,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":27},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-028","子宮頸癌（cervical cancer）最常見的病理組織形態為何？",28,114,"2026-09-04",1788510711262]