[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-040":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-040","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-040",109,1,40,"一位中年男性於月前發生腦梗塞後，醫師在後續電腦斷層掃描檢查時，在皮質部發現一個囊狀的區域，這個變化最可能造成原因是腦組織發生：",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"凝固樣壞死","脂肪壞死","液化壞死","類纖維蛋白樣壞死","C",null,[],"本題考點是腦組織壞死的特殊型態。腦（中樞神經）缺血梗塞後因組織富含脂質、水解酶多而結締組織少，壞死組織被溶解形成充液的囊狀空腔，屬液化性壞死，影像上呈囊狀區，故選 C。(A) 凝固性壞死是多數實質器官（心、腎、脾）缺血梗塞的型態，組織結構輪廓保留，非腦部典型。(B) 脂肪壞死多見於胰臟炎或乳房外傷，非腦梗塞。(D) 類纖維蛋白樣壞死見於血管壁（如惡性高血壓、免疫血管炎），非腦梗塞囊狀變化。故腦梗塞形成囊狀腔屬液化性壞死，答案為 C。","壞死型態對比：凝固性（多數缺血梗塞，蛋白變性、結構影子保留，如心梗）、液化性（腦梗塞與細菌膿瘍，酶解成液態，腦因少膠原、富脂與水解酶而獨鍾此型）、乾酪性（結核，凝固＋液化混合，狀似乳酪）、脂肪性（胰炎、脂肪酶消化脂肪＋皂化）、壞疽性（肢體）、類纖維蛋白樣（免疫性血管壁損傷）。記憶：「腦梗塞＝液化壞死＝日後囊狀空腔（腦軟化）」，是神經病理必考對比。",[25,28,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"凝固性壞死",5,{"term":29,"count":11},"液化性壞死",{"term":31,"count":11},"腦梗塞",{"term":33,"count":11},"壞死型態",{"term":35,"count":11},"腦軟化囊狀空腔",[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-041","一位接受骨髓移植的病患，在術後數週後，皮膚出現皮疹，此皮膚症狀與下列何者最為相關？",41,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":10,"session":45},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-057","Lorcaserin是透過刺激下列何種受體去抑制食慾，而達到減重效果？",57,2,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-071","下列何種病毒主要由齧齒類動物為媒介傳播至人？",71,110,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":45},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-029","關於卵巢腫瘤的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",29,111,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-033","下列對於毒品搖頭丸之敘述，何者最不適當？",33,113,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":45},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-027","關於 IgA 腎病變（IgA nephropathy）的敘述，下列何者最不適當？",27,114,"2026-09-04",1788510711259]