[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":68},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-036":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":38,"lastmod":67},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-036","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-036",109,1,36,"下列何者不是引發血管內靜水壓上升的原因？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"血液白蛋白增加","充血性心衰竭","鈉鹽滯留","靜脈血液回流受阻","A",null,[],"本題考點是水腫成因中影響血管內靜水壓的因素。血液白蛋白增加會提高血漿膠體滲透壓，傾向把液體「留回」血管內，與靜水壓上升無關，故「不是」使靜水壓上升的原因為 A。(B) 充血性心衰竭使靜脈回流受阻、靜脈壓上升，會提高微血管靜水壓。(C) 鈉鹽滯留伴隨水滯留使血量增加、靜水壓上升。(D) 靜脈血液回流受阻（如靜脈栓塞、壓迫）直接使近端靜水壓上升。三者皆升高靜水壓，唯白蛋白增加是升高膠體滲透壓而非靜水壓，答案為 A。","水腫由 Starling 力失衡造成：淨過濾 =（微血管靜水壓−組織靜水壓）−σ(血漿膠體滲透壓−組織膠體滲透壓）。使靜水壓升高→水腫：心衰竭、靜脈阻塞、鈉水滯留、擴容。使膠體滲透壓降低→水腫：低白蛋白（肝硬化、腎病症候群、營養不良）。白蛋白「增加」反而拉高膠體滲透壓、減少過濾，與致水腫方向相反。記憶：白蛋白是把水「拉回血管」的力量，增加它不會升靜水壓。此題考的是辨識四力中哪一項屬「膠體滲透壓」而非「靜水壓」。",[25,28,31,34,36],{"term":26,"count":27},"血漿膠體滲透壓",5,{"term":29,"count":30},"白蛋白",4,{"term":32,"count":33},"Starling力",2,{"term":35,"count":33},"水腫機轉",{"term":37,"count":11},"微血管靜水壓",[39,43,47,52,57,62],{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-037","下列那一種肝炎病毒主要是經口傳染的？",37,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":10,"session":33},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-053","下列何種給藥途徑的生體可用率（bioavailability）最佳？",53,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-067","藍氏（Lancefield）血清學分類法，主要是依溶血性鏈球菌之何種構造的抗原不同加以分類？",67,110,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":33},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-025","關於唐氏症（Down syndrome）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",25,111,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-029","進行性多灶性白質腦病（progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, PML）是一種髓鞘脫失（demyelination）的病變，臨床上常與免疫抑制有關。此病主要由何種病毒引起？",29,113,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":65,"year":66,"session":33},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-023","下列何種自體抗體（autoantibody）與全身性紅斑性狼瘡（systemic lupus erythematosus）最相關？",23,114,"2026-09-04",1788510711223]