[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-035":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":26},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-035","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-035",109,1,35,"下列那一種狀況，急性期較不會出現肋膜積液？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"鬱血性心衰竭","氣喘","肺栓塞","肋膜炎","B",null,[],"本題考點是各疾病於急性期是否產生肋膜積液。氣喘是支氣管平滑肌痙攣與氣道發炎導致的可逆性阻塞，病變在氣道本身，急性發作時較不會造成肋膜腔積液，故選 B。(A) 鬱血性心衰竭因肺靜脈壓與靜水壓上升，液體滲入肋膜腔形成漏出液，會有積液。(C) 肺栓塞可造成肺梗塞與局部發炎，常伴少量血性或滲出性肋膜積液。(D) 肋膜炎本身即為肋膜發炎，典型會產生滲出性積液。故三者皆易有積液，唯氣喘較不會，答案為 B。","肋膜積液依機轉分漏出液（transudate）與滲出液（exudate）：漏出液源於靜水壓↑或膠體滲透壓↓（如心衰竭、肝硬化、腎病症候群），滲出液源於肋膜通透性↑或發炎（如肺炎、惡性腫瘤、肺栓塞、肋膜炎，Light criteria 判定）。氣喘的病理是可逆性氣道阻塞（支氣管收縮、黏液栓、嗜酸球發炎），不改變肋膜微血管通透性或全身靜水壓，故不典型產生積液。記憶：問「哪個不會積液」時，找「純氣道病、不動到肋膜或靜水壓」的選項。",[25,27,29,31,33],{"term":15,"count":26},2,{"term":28,"count":11},"肋膜積液",{"term":30,"count":11},"漏出液與滲出液",{"term":32,"count":11},"氣喘氣道阻塞",{"term":34,"count":11},"Light criteria",[36,40,44,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-036","下列何者不是引發血管內靜水壓上升的原因？",36,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":10,"session":26},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-052","下列何種抗癌藥物，對細胞周期具有專一性作用？",52,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-066","惡性貧血的病因是因為體內產生對抗下列何者的自體抗體？",66,110,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":26},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-024","18 歲的男病人至醫院門診，表示自己吃了海鮮後皮膚癢且出現蕁麻疹，此病人最有可能發生：",24,111,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-028","三陰性（triple negative）乳癌的定義不包含下列何者？",28,113,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":26},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-022","下列何種機制與鬱血性心衰竭（congestive heart failure）患者的肺水腫最為相關？",22,114,"2026-09-04",1788510711215]