[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-034":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-034","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-034",109,1,34,"有關嬰兒多囊性腎病變之敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"為體染色體隱性遺傳","為體染色體顯性遺傳","為性染色體隱性遺傳","為性染色體顯性遺傳","A",null,[],"本題考點是多囊性腎病變的遺傳型式與年齡分型。嬰兒型（幼兒型）多囊性腎病變（ARPKD）為體染色體隱性遺傳，出生即可有腎腫大與腎衰竭，故選 A。(B) 體染色體顯性遺傳者為成人型多囊腎（ADPKD），多在中年才出現症狀，非嬰兒型。(C) 性染色體隱性、(D) 性染色體顯性皆非多囊腎的遺傳模式，多囊腎致病基因位於體染色體，不屬性聯遺傳。故嬰兒型多囊腎為體染色體隱性遺傳，答案為 A。","多囊腎兩型對比：ARPKD（嬰兒型）—體染色體隱性，PKHD1 基因，出生即雙腎巨大、常合併肝纖維化與 Potter 序列（羊水過少）；ADPKD（成人型）—體染色體顯性，PKD1\u002FPKD2 基因，成年後多囊、常伴肝囊腫、顱內動脈瘤與高血壓。記憶口訣：「嬰隱成顯（嬰兒隱性、成人顯性）」。隱性遺傳特徵：父母多為帶因者（無症狀），子代 1\u002F4 罹病，男女機率均等；此可與性聯（男性居多）區別。",[25,27,29,31,33],{"term":26,"count":11},"多囊性腎病變",{"term":28,"count":11},"體染色體隱性遺傳ARPKD",{"term":30,"count":11},"體染色體顯性ADPKD",{"term":32,"count":11},"PKHD1基因",{"term":34,"count":11},"隱性遺傳",[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-035","下列那一種狀況，急性期較不會出現肋膜積液？",35,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":10,"session":44},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-051","口服降血糖藥物首選雙胍（biguanides）類用藥，下列何者為最常見的副作用？",51,2,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-065","下列何者存在於動物細胞，而不存在於細菌？",65,110,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":44},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-023","有關靜脈血栓的敘述，下列何者最不適當？",23,111,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-027","下列何種病毒必須有B型肝炎病毒（hepatitis B virus）存在才能感染人體？",27,113,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":44},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-021","下列何種病灶的發炎反應形式與其他三種最不相同？",21,114,"2026-09-04",1788510711211]