[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-029":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-029","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-029",109,1,29,"下列何者藉由輔助擴散（facilitated diffusion）的方式，通過小腸上皮細胞之頂膜被吸收？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"葡萄糖（glucose）","半乳糖（galactose）","麥芽糖（maltose）","果糖（fructose）","D",null,[],"本題考點是小腸單醣吸收的膜運輸機制差異。果糖（fructose）經頂膜的 GLUT5 運輸子以輔助擴散（順濃度梯度、不耗能、不靠鈉）進入腸上皮細胞，故選 D。(A)(B) 錯，葡萄糖與半乳糖是靠頂膜 SGLT1 進行「續發性主動運輸（鈉—葡萄糖共同運輸）」，逆濃度梯度、需鈉梯度供能，非輔助擴散。(C) 錯，麥芽糖是雙醣，須先由麥芽糖酶分解成兩分子葡萄糖才能吸收，本身不會整分子通過頂膜。故僅果糖以輔助擴散經頂膜吸收，答案為 D。","小腸單醣吸收路線：頂膜側 glucose\u002Fgalactose 走 SGLT1（次級主動，能量來自 Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase 建立的鈉梯度），fructose 走 GLUT5（易化擴散）；三者離開細胞至血液端（基底側膜）皆走 GLUT2（易化擴散）。臨床連結：果糖吸收上限低，過量易滲透性腹瀉；SGLT 是 SGLT2 抑制劑（治糖尿病）的家族概念延伸。記憶口訣：「葡萄糖、半乳糖搭鈉車（SGLT1）；果糖自己滑滑梯（GLUT5）」。雙醣需刷狀緣雙醣酶先分解。",[25,28,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"次級主動運輸",4,{"term":29,"count":11},"果糖",{"term":31,"count":11},"GLUT5輔助擴散",{"term":33,"count":11},"SGLT1鈉葡萄糖共同運輸",{"term":35,"count":11},"刷狀緣雙醣酶",[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-030","下列那個維生素（vitamin）會出現在乳糜微粒（chylomicron）中？",30,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":10,"session":45},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-046","下列關於睪丸腫瘤的敘述，何者錯誤？",46,2,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-060","下列何種藥物是經由抑制多巴胺受體（dopamine receptor）而產生止吐作用，可用以治療化療藥物所造成之噁心嘔吐？",60,110,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":45},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-018","人體內胰島 β 細胞被破壞時，不會產生下列何種反應？",18,111,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-022","下列何者不是心因性休克病患常見的臨床表現？",22,113,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":45},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-016","下列何者可將睪固酮轉換為動情二醇（17β-estradiol）？",16,114,"2026-09-04",1788510711168]