[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":68},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-028":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":38,"lastmod":67},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-028","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-028",109,1,28,"下列何者是血液中運送二氧化碳的最主要方式？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"直接擴散","直接溶解於血液中","與血紅素結合","轉換成碳酸氫根離子","D",null,[],"本題考點是二氧化碳在血中的運送形式與比例。血液中約 70% 的 CO₂ 是在紅血球內經碳酸酐酶催化為碳酸、再解離成碳酸氫根離子（HCO₃⁻）運送，比例最高，故最主要方式為轉換成碳酸氫根，選 D。(A) 錯，直接擴散是氣體在肺泡與組織交換的過程，非血中運送的形式。(B) 錯，直接溶解於血漿的 CO₂ 僅約 7–10%，比例最小。(C) 錯，與血紅素結合成 carbaminohemoglobin 約占 20–23%，比 HCO₃⁻ 少。故三種形式中以碳酸氫根離子占比最高，答案為 D。","CO₂ 三種運送：溶解態約7%、carbamino（與Hb之胺基結合）約23%、碳酸氫根約70%。核心反應 CO₂+H₂O ⇌（carbonic anhydrase）H₂CO₃ ⇌ H⁺+HCO₃⁻ 發生在紅血球內；生成的 HCO₃⁻ 藉「氯轉移（chloride shift，Hamburger phenomenon）」與血漿 Cl⁻ 交換而運出，H⁺ 則被去氧血紅素緩衝。此系統同時是血液最重要的 pH 緩衝與呼吸性酸鹼調節基礎。記憶：CO₂ 運送主力是「碳酸氫根 70%」，別誤選溶解或結合。",[25,28,31,34,36],{"term":26,"count":27},"碳酸酐酶",5,{"term":29,"count":30},"二氧化碳運送",3,{"term":32,"count":33},"碳酸氫根離子",2,{"term":35,"count":11},"氯轉移chloride shift",{"term":37,"count":11},"血液緩衝",[39,43,47,52,57,62],{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-029","下列何者藉由輔助擴散（facilitated diffusion）的方式，通過小腸上皮細胞之頂膜被吸收？",29,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":10,"session":33},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-045","關於自體免疫性胃炎（autoimmune gastritis）之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",45,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-059","Nitroglycerin（NTG）經由舌下或經皮膚（貼劑）給藥的目的為何？",59,110,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":33},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-017","有關突觸後電位（postsynaptic potentials）的敘述，下列何者正確？",17,111,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-021","有關組織傷口癒合的敘述，下列何者最不適當？",21,113,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":65,"year":66,"session":33},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-015","下列那個腦區是主要調控褪黑素（melatonin）的分泌？",15,114,"2026-09-04",1788510711151]