[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":68},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-026":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":38,"lastmod":67},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-026","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-026",109,1,26,"缺血性心肌梗塞後，死亡的心肌細胞是由何種組織取代？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"結締組織","心肌細胞","微血管","巨噬細胞","A",null,[],"本題考點是心肌梗塞後的組織修復方式。成熟心肌細胞屬永久性細胞、無再生能力，缺血壞死後由纖維母細胞增生形成疤痕，即以結締組織（膠原纖維疤痕）取代死亡心肌，選 A。(B) 錯，心肌細胞無法有效分裂再生，不會由新的心肌細胞填補。(C) 錯，微血管雖在肉芽組織期參與修復，但最終取代壞死區的是纖維疤痕組織，不是以微血管為主體。(D) 錯，巨噬細胞是清除壞死組織的發炎細胞、屬過渡角色，最終並非由巨噬細胞取代。故梗塞後留下的是不具收縮力的纖維疤痕，答案為 A。","細胞依再生能力分三類：不穩定細胞（表皮、腸黏膜，可持續分裂）、穩定細胞（肝、腎小管，受刺激才分裂）、永久細胞（心肌、神經元、骨骼肌，幾乎不再生）。心肌梗塞癒合時序：數小時凝固性壞死→1–3 天嗜中性白血球浸潤→3–7 天巨噬細胞清除→1–2 週肉芽組織與新生血管→數週後膠原疤痕成熟。疤痕無收縮力，是日後心衰竭、心室動脈瘤與心律不整的病理基礎。記憶：永久細胞壞死＝疤痕修復（repair by fibrosis），非再生（regeneration）。",[25,28,31,34,36],{"term":26,"count":27},"凝固性壞死",5,{"term":29,"count":30},"肉芽組織",3,{"term":32,"count":33},"永久性細胞",2,{"term":35,"count":33},"心肌梗塞",{"term":37,"count":11},"纖維疤痕修復",[39,43,47,52,57,62],{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-027","那一段腎小管對水的滲透性最低？",27,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":10,"session":33},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-043","下列那一種細胞不參與過敏性氣喘？",43,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-057","下列何種安眠藥物被濫用的可能性較低，而未被列為管制藥品？",57,110,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":33},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-015","體制素（somatostatin）主要由消化道何處分泌？",15,111,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-019","肝胰壺腹是由下列那兩者會合而形成？",19,113,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":65,"year":66,"session":33},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-013","下列何者不是下運動神經元（lower motor neuron）損傷的表徵？",13,114,"2026-09-04",1788510711138]