[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-025":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-025","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-025",109,1,25,"在心肌動作電位中，高原期的維持是因心肌細胞有：",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"快速鈉通道","L 型鈣通道","鈉鉀 ATPase","T 型鈣通道","B",null,[],"本題考點是心室肌動作電位各時相的離子基礎。心肌動作電位的高原期（第 2 相）是內流的鈣離子（經 L 型鈣通道）與外流的鉀離子達成平衡，使膜電位維持在接近 0 mV 一段時間，故高原期靠 L 型鈣通道維持，選 B。(A) 錯，快速鈉通道負責第 0 相快速去極化，很快去活化，不維持高原期。(C) 錯，鈉鉀 ATPase 是維持離子濃度梯度的幫浦，非造成高原期的通道電流。(D) 錯，T 型鈣通道屬低閾值、快去活化，主要參與竇房結節律去極化，非心室肌高原期。故答案為 B。","心室肌動作電位五相：第0相 Na⁺快通道內流（上升）→第1相 Ito 短暫 K⁺外流（早期複極）→第2相高原期 L型Ca²⁺（Ca_L）內流 vs. K⁺外流平衡→第3相 K⁺外流複極→第4相靜息（Na\u002FK幫浦與 IK1 維持）。高原期的長時程造就心肌長不反應期，防止強直收縮、保護心律。L型鈣內流亦觸發肌漿網鈣釋放（鈣誘發鈣釋放，CICR），是興奮收縮偶聯核心。對比：T型鈣通道與 If（funny current）主導竇房結自律去極化。",[25,28,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"L型鈣通道",3,{"term":29,"count":27},"鈣誘發鈣釋放",{"term":31,"count":27},"不反應期",{"term":33,"count":11},"心肌動作電位",{"term":35,"count":11},"高原期",[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-026","缺血性心肌梗塞後，死亡的心肌細胞是由何種組織取代？",26,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":10,"session":45},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-042","下列有關空氣污染中，懸浮微粒（particulate matter；PM）的敘述，何者錯誤？",42,2,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-056","下列何者不是 phenytoin 的副作用？",56,110,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":45},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-014","下列何者具有最低的腎臟血漿清除率（renal clearance）？",14,111,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-018","下列何者調控並可加速肝臟分泌膽汁？",18,113,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":45},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-012","鈣離子活化平滑肌細胞橫橋（cross-bridge）反應，下列何者為其主要作用？",12,114,"2026-09-04",1788510711134]