[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-021":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-021","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-021",109,1,21,"出生後，骨骼肌（skeletal muscle）受損傷或死亡，下列那一種細胞可進行修補？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"肌母細胞（myoblast）","纖維芽母細胞（fibroblast）","衛星細胞（satellite cell）","賽氏細胞（Sertoli cell）","C",null,[],"本題考點是出生後骨骼肌損傷的修補細胞。依肌肉組織學,成熟骨骼肌纖維為多核、無法有絲分裂,其再生仰賴位於肌纖維與基底膜之間的「衛星細胞(satellite cell)」——這是骨骼肌的儲備幹細胞,受損時被活化、增殖並融合以修補,故選 C。A 肌母細胞是胚胎期融合成肌管的前驅細胞,出生後主要來源已轉為衛星細胞。B 纖維芽母細胞產生膠原與結締組織,修補時形成的是『纖維化疤痕』而非肌肉。D 賽氏細胞位於睪丸曲細精管,與骨骼肌無關。考點在於認出衛星細胞為出生後骨骼肌的專責再生幹細胞。","肌肉再生能力對照:骨骼肌=有限再生,靠衛星細胞(活化後表現 MyoD、Pax7 等,增殖分化並融入受損肌纖維);心肌=再生能力極差,損傷後多以纖維疤痕替代(故心肌梗塞後心室重塑);平滑肌=再生能力較佳,可經既有細胞分裂。臨床連結:嚴重或反覆的骨骼肌損傷超過衛星細胞修補能力時,會以結締組織纖維化取代,造成功能喪失。記『骨骼肌再生=衛星細胞』並與 fibroblast 造疤區隔。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"衛星細胞",2,{"term":29,"count":11},"骨骼肌再生",{"term":31,"count":11},"肌纖維修補",{"term":33,"count":11},"纖維芽母細胞造疤區別",[35,39,43,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-022","下列關於牽張反射（stretch reflex）之敘述，何者正確？",22,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":27},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-038","有關威爾斯瘤（Wilms tumor）之敘述，下列何者正確？",38,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-052","高血壓用藥 furosemide 在分類上屬於下列何者？",52,110,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-010","有關舌乳頭之敘述，下列何者正確？",10,111,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-014","右心室的腱索（chordae tendineae）固著在下列何處？",14,113,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":27},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-008","下列何者是牙齒的主體結構？",8,114,"2026-09-04",1788510711101]