[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-019":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-019","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-019",109,1,19,"蛋白質醣基化（glycosylation）主要發生在那個步驟？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"DNA 轉錄（transcription）","轉錄後修飾（post-transcritional modification）","DNA 轉譯（translation）","轉譯後修飾（post-translational modification）","D",null,[],"本題考點是蛋白質醣基化(glycosylation)發生的階段。依中心法則,醣基化是把醣鏈接到蛋白質上的『修飾』,發生在蛋白質已被轉譯合成『之後』,屬「轉譯後修飾」,故選 D。A DNA 轉錄是以 DNA 為模板合成 mRNA,尚無蛋白質。B 轉錄後修飾的對象是 mRNA(加帽、加尾、剪接),非蛋白質。C 轉譯是核糖體合成多肽的過程,醣基化雖可在內質網共轉譯起始,但作為對『蛋白質』的加工,標準歸類仍屬轉譯後修飾。考點在於分辨修飾的『對象是核酸或蛋白質』與『發生在轉譯前後』。","中心法則加工階段:DNA→(轉錄)→前驅 mRNA→(轉錄後修飾:5'帽、3' poly-A 尾、剪接去內含子)→成熟 mRNA→(轉譯)→多肽→(轉譯後修飾:醣基化、磷酸化、切割、雙硫鍵、脂化等)→功能性蛋白。醣基化路徑:N-連結起始於粗糙內質網,再於高基氏體修整;O-連結多在高基氏體。判準口訣『修飾對象是蛋白質→轉譯後;是 mRNA→轉錄後』。磷酸化、醣基化、泛素化都屬轉譯後修飾。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":26,"count":11},"轉譯後修飾",{"term":28,"count":11},"蛋白質醣基化",{"term":30,"count":11},"中心法則",{"term":32,"count":11},"內質網與高基氏體加工",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-020","下列那一腦區病變最可能造成表達性失語症（expressive aphasia）？",20,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":42},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-036","下列那一個心臟腔室發生原發性腫瘤的機率最高？",36,2,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-050","下列何者不是抗癲癇藥物的作用機轉？",50,110,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":42},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-008","鼠蹊部疝氣（inguinal hernia）嚴重時，擠入鼠蹊管（inguinal canal）的腸子，最容易直接壓迫到下列何者，造成睪丸的血液循環受阻？",8,111,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-012","組成踝關節（ankle joint）的骨骼，除脛骨、腓骨之外還包括：",12,113,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":42},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-006","下列何者與男性陰莖的龜頭，都是由尿道海綿體（corpus spongiosum）構成？",6,114,"2026-09-04",1788510711082]