[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-014":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":62},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-014","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-014",109,1,14,"下列何者不是常見的神經傳導物質（neurotransmitter）？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"多巴胺（Dopamine）","甘氨酸（glycine）","血清素（serotonin）","胰島素（insulin）","D",null,[],"本題考點是神經傳導物質的辨識,要挑出『不是』者。依神經生理學,多巴胺、甘氨酸、血清素都是典型神經傳導物質,而胰島素是胰島 β 細胞分泌、經血液調節血糖的『荷爾蒙』,不屬神經傳導物質,故選 D。A 多巴胺屬兒茶酚胺類,與運動、獎賞、情緒有關。B 甘氨酸是中樞(尤其脊髓)重要的『抑制性』傳導物質。C 血清素(5-HT)調節情緒、睡眠與食慾。考點在於區分『突觸間傳訊的傳導物質』與『經血流作用遠端的荷爾蒙』,胰島素屬後者。","分類對照:神經傳導物質作用於突觸間隙、距離短、作用快(如乙醯膽鹼、麩胺酸[主要興奮]、GABA\u002F甘氨酸[主要抑制]、多巴胺、正腎上腺素、血清素);荷爾蒙經血液運輸、作用遠端、時效較長(如胰島素、甲狀腺素)。灰色地帶:正腎上腺素既是神經傳導物質也可作為腎上腺髓質荷爾蒙,但胰島素無突觸傳訊角色。判準:問『神經傳導物質』時,凡屬血糖\u002F代謝內分泌的胰島素、升糖素即出局。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"神經傳導物質",3,{"term":29,"count":11},"胰島素為荷爾蒙",{"term":31,"count":11},"多巴胺與血清素",{"term":33,"count":11},"甘氨酸抑制性傳導",[35,39,44,49,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-015","下列何者為副交感神經節？",15,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":43},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-031","下列何者為刺激胃泌素（gastrin）分泌之直接且重要的因子？",31,2,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-045","病人突然發生呼吸短促、呼吸困難。顯微鏡下可見支氣管壁的平滑肌肥大，黏膜下腺體增生，伴有炎症反應，特別是嗜酸性白血球（eosinophils）增多。上列敘述最可能是那一種病症的組織反應？",45,110,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":27,"year":52,"session":43},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-003","胸大肌收縮可使上臂：",111,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-007","下列何者最可能同時降低動脈血壓波振幅（arterial pulse wave）與動脈血壓波速度（pulse wave velocity）？",7,113,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":11,"year":61,"session":43},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-001","有關濾泡刺激素（follicle-stimulating hormone）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",114,"2026-09-04",1788510711042]