[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-008":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-008","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-008",109,1,8,"下列何者具複層扁平上皮？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"胃幽門部","十二指腸","闌尾","肛門","D",null,[],"本題考點是消化道各段上皮的組織型態。依組織學,消化道兩端(食道與肛管遠端)為承受摩擦的『複層扁平上皮』,而胃到直腸大多為『單層柱狀上皮』;肛門(肛管下段至肛緣)為複層扁平上皮,故選 D。A 胃幽門部為單層柱狀上皮(含分泌黏液與胃泌素的細胞)。B 十二指腸為單層柱狀上皮並具絨毛與微絨毛以利吸收。C 闌尾承接大腸,同為單層柱狀上皮。唯有肛門遠端因需耐磨損而轉為複層扁平上皮(齒狀線以下)。考點在於掌握消化道上皮『兩端複層扁平、中段單層柱狀』的分布原則。","消化道上皮分布規律:食道=複層扁平(耐食團摩擦)→胃\u002F小腸\u002F大腸\u002F直腸=單層柱狀(利分泌與吸收)→肛管齒狀線以下=複層扁平(耐糞便摩擦、接續皮膚)。齒狀線(pectinate line)是重要分界:上方源自內胚層、單層柱狀、內臟神經(無痛覺,痔為內痔);下方源自外胚層、複層扁平、體神經(有痛覺,外痔會痛)。原則『功能決定上皮』——摩擦處用複層扁平保護,吸收分泌處用單層柱狀。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"消化道組織學",3,{"term":29,"count":30},"單層柱狀上皮",2,{"term":32,"count":11},"複層扁平上皮",{"term":34,"count":11},"肛管齒狀線",[36,40,44,49,54,58],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-009","冠狀動脈直接源自：",9,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":10,"session":30},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-025","下列何種激素的作用，最可能抑制個體生長？",25,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-039","下列何種乳房疾病是造成乳頭的派吉特氏症（Paget disease）的最主要成因？",39,110,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-077","補體活化後最終形成膜攻擊複合體（membrane attack complex, MAC）。下列何者較易受到這項防禦機制的作用而死亡？",77,111,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":11,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-001","下列胞器，何者是由兩層膜組成？",113,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":11},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-045","有關金黃色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus）感染所造成的臨床表徵，下列何者症狀通常不是由其分泌的毒素所導致？",45,114,"2026-09-04",1788510710990]