[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-003":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-1-基礎醫學-003","nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-003",109,1,3,"下列何者不是星狀細胞（astrocytes）的功能？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"吞噬外來或壞死組織","形成腦血管障蔽","參與腦的發育","調節鉀離子濃度","A",null,[],"本題考點是星狀細胞(astrocytes)的功能,要挑出『不屬於』它者。依神經組織學,吞噬外來或壞死組織是『微膠細胞(microglia)』的職責——它們是中樞的常駐免疫吞噬細胞,故 A 不是星狀細胞功能,為正解。B 正確:星狀細胞足突包覆腦微血管,是形成血腦障壁的成分。C 正確:星狀細胞在腦發育中提供神經元遷移的支架與營養。D 正確:星狀細胞能緩衝、調節細胞外鉀離子濃度,維持神經元興奮性穩定。考點在於區隔膠細胞分工,別把微膠細胞的吞噬功能誤記到星狀細胞。","中樞神經膠細胞四分工:①星狀細胞=支持、血腦障壁、離子\u002F神經傳導物質恆定、發育支架;②微膠細胞=免疫吞噬(源自中胚層\u002F單核球系,與其他源自外胚層的膠細胞不同);③寡突膠細胞=中樞髓鞘;④室管膜細胞=腦室內襯、參與腦脊髓液。周邊神經對應則為許旺細胞(髓鞘)與衛星細胞。抓『吞噬=microglia』這條線即可秒判本題。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"血腦障壁",7,{"term":29,"count":30},"神經膠細胞分工",2,{"term":32,"count":11},"星狀細胞",{"term":34,"count":11},"微膠細胞吞噬",[36,40,44,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-004","下列何者參與形成肩部的旋轉肌袖口（rotator cuff）？",4,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":10,"session":30},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-020","第一心音發生在下列何時？",20,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-034","下列何種感染最容易發生在燒燙傷的病人？",34,110,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-072","關於肉毒桿菌（Clostridium botulinum ）引發食物中毒的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",72,111,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":12},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-046","下列何種黴菌較常存在於鴿糞中，且會造成腦膜炎？",46,112,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-040","使用化學治療藥於癌症病患，有時會給與amifostine，試問amifostine有何藥理作用？",40,114,"2026-09-04",1788510710929]