[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-062":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-108-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-062","nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-062",108,2,62,"某研究想探討嚼檳榔與口腔癌是否有相關，研究者找了 50 位口腔癌患者及 50 位無口腔癌患者，並詢問是否有嚼檳榔。根據上述的病例對照研究資料，下列敘述何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"可算出勝算比（odds ratio）","可算出相對危險性（relative risk）","可得到口腔癌發生率（incidence rate）","可提供疾病自然史的資料","A",null,[],"本題考點在於病例對照研究可計算的指標。病例對照研究是先依有無疾病(50位口腔癌 vs 50位無口腔癌)分組,再回溯詢問過去暴露(嚼檳榔),由於病例與對照人數是研究者自訂而非依母群發生,無法直接得出發生率,只能計算暴露的勝算比(odds ratio),故選 A。B 相對危險性須由世代研究(依暴露分組追蹤發生)才能算得。C 發生率同樣需追蹤新個案的世代或監測資料。D 疾病自然史需長期追蹤,病例對照的回溯設計無法提供。","研究設計配對指標口訣:病例對照(case-control,由果推因,回溯)→只能算OR;世代研究(cohort,由因追果,前瞻)→可算發生率與RR。原因:病例對照的分母(病例數、對照數)人為設定,失去計算真實發生率的基礎,故改用OR近似RR(疾病罕見時OR≈RR)。病例對照優點是省時省錢、適合罕見病與長潛伏期,缺點是易有回憶與選樣偏差。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"病例對照研究",8,{"term":28,"count":29},"發生率",5,{"term":31,"count":10},"相對危險性RR",{"term":33,"count":34},"勝算比OR",1,[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-063","有關新型 A 型流感之描述，下列何者正確？①H1N1, H3N2 屬於每年週期性流行的流感 ②致死率約為 80～90% ③常見於禽鳥病毒傳染人類，如：H7N9, H5N1 ④密切接觸者須自主健康管理 5 天 ⑤發現個案須於 48 小時內通報",63,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":34},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-079","李老先生是 82 歲的糖尿病個案，血糖控制不好，也不願就醫，他向社區護理師說：「我已經活夠了，現在都沒不舒服，如果怎樣，死了就算了，無須再就醫吃藥」。根據健康信念模式，社區護理師應加強何項認知的對話？",79,109,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":34},"nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-013","王先生，在家因覺得有人要害他、跟蹤他而不敢睡覺，故由父親帶來住院，住院後仍覺得周遭的人不懷好意，護理師提供之照護措施，下列何者正確？①同理並接受病人感受 ②主動積極接觸關懷病人 ③評估妄想對病人生活干擾的程度 ④不要與病人爭辯妄想的真實性",13,110,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":34},"nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-051","下列何種評價是在計畫執行完成後，用以衡量該計畫的價值？",51,111,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-015","精神科急性病房為維持治療性的硬體環境，須符合下列那項原則？",15,112,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-psychiatric-community-029","有關疾病的流行情形，下列敘述何者最適當？",29,113,"2026-09-04",1788510707961]