[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-061":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-108-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-061","nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-061",108,2,61,"關於實驗流行病學中的臨床試驗（clinical trial），下列何者正確？①隨機分派（random assignment）是必要條件 ②適合探討因果關係 ③以團體或社區為研究對象 ④最大缺點為容易產生回憶偏差",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"①②","②③","③④","①④","A",null,[],"本題考點在於實驗流行病學臨床試驗的特性辨識。依定義,臨床試驗①以隨機分派為必要條件,藉隨機化平衡組間干擾因子;②因研究者主動介入處置並比較結果,最適合探討因果關係;故①②正確,選 A。③以團體或社區為研究對象者屬「社區試驗(community trial)」,臨床試驗則以個人為對象,敘述錯誤。④「容易產生回憶偏差」是回溯性研究(如病例對照研究)的缺點;臨床試驗為前瞻性介入,不受回憶偏差主要威脅,敘述錯誤。故含③④的選項均排除。","實驗流行病學分兩類:臨床試驗(clinical trial,對象=病人個體,評療效)與社區試驗(community trial,對象=社區群體,評公衛介入)。臨床試驗因具隨機分派+研究者操控暴露,是驗證因果的最高證據等級(RCT)。偏差對比:回憶偏差常見於病例對照研究(回溯詢問過去暴露);RCT主要防範的是選樣與測量偏差,故用隨機化與盲法。口訣「隨機、介入、前瞻、個體」四特徵。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"臨床試驗",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"隨機分派",{"term":30,"count":26},"因果關係推論",{"term":32,"count":26},"社區試驗與回憶偏差",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-062","某研究想探討嚼檳榔與口腔癌是否有相關，研究者找了 50 位口腔癌患者及 50 位無口腔癌患者，並詢問是否有嚼檳榔。根據上述的病例對照研究資料，下列敘述何者正確？",62,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":26},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-078","有關骨質疏鬆症的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",78,109,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":26},"nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-012","躁症發作（manic episode）的典型臨床特徵，下列何者較適當？",12,110,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":26},"nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-050","依據 Anderson 的理論進行社區健康評估時，蒐集垃圾處理狀況，主要是評估社區的那一個系統？",50,111,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-014","個別心理治療的主要目的與原則，適當的措施包括下列那些項目？①鼓勵病人自我表露 ②修正阻礙改變的阻力 ③協助了解疾病診斷 ④提供社區就業資訊",14,112,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-psychiatric-community-028","有關篩檢工具效度的敘述，下列何者最適當？",28,113,"2026-09-04",1788510707958]