[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-042":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":25},"nurse-108-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-042","nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-042",108,2,42,"下列何者是用來比較國家公共衛生與醫療進步最敏感與評估婦幼衛生工作推展成效的指標？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"癌症發生率","粗出生率","疾病致死率","嬰兒死亡率","D",null,[],"本題考點在於辨識最能敏感反映一國公共衛生與婦幼衛生成效的指標。依流行病學指標特性,嬰兒死亡率(每千活產在一歲內死亡數)受產前照護、接生品質、營養與環境衛生等多重因素牽動,對整體醫療進步高度敏感,又直接反映婦幼衛生,故選 D。癌症發生率(A)主要反映慢性病與老化,對婦幼與整體公衛不敏感。粗出生率(B)是人口動態指標,受生育意願與人口結構影響,並非衛生成效指標。疾病致死率(C)反映特定疾病嚴重度與治療成效,範圍侷限,無法代表全面婦幼衛生水準。","嬰兒死亡率被稱為「公共衛生的溫度計」,因新生兒與嬰兒對外在環境最脆弱,任何醫療、營養、衛生條件的細微進步都會先反映在此。可延伸對比:新生兒死亡率(0–28天)反映產科與新生兒醫療;嬰兒死亡率(\u003C1歲)加計後天環境因素;5歲以下兒童死亡率則是WHO評估開發中國家婦幼衛生的核心指標。記憶口訣:「越脆弱的族群越敏感」——選最弱勢的嬰兒即為最敏感指標。",[24,26,29,32],{"term":17,"count":25},4,{"term":27,"count":28},"婦幼衛生指標",3,{"term":30,"count":31},"流行病學敏感度",1,{"term":15,"count":31},[34,38,43,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-043","A、B 兩國之年齡標準化死亡率（standardized death rate）相同，但 A 國之粗死亡率（crude death rate）卻大於 B 國，下列原因何者最有可能？",43,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":31},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-059","衛生福利部國民健康署重視對民眾賦權（empowerment）的過程，透過三項策略來提升民眾的健康識能（health literacy），下列敘述何者錯誤？",59,109,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-073","有關「長期照顧十年計畫 2.0」對於原住民在長照政策推動的困境原因，下列何者最不適當？",73,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":31},"nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-031","張先生，80 歲，診斷為阿茲海默症，因情緒激動及焦慮而住院。近日因不明原因發燒、咳嗽有痰不舒服，表示要回家，且對陪同住院媳婦不諒解，故出手打了媳婦一巴掌。下列何者護理措施最適當？",31,111,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":31},"nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-075","根據長期照顧十年計畫 2.0，個案管理師進行個案長期照護需求評估時，下列何項最不適宜？",75,112,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-psychiatric-community-009","提供躁症發作（manic episode）病人的住院環境，下列考量何者較為適宜？①環境簡化，壁飾窗簾都應避免 ②家具擺放避免病人跌撞或暴力破壞 ③提供能消耗體力的活動與設施 ④病房伙食準備高熱量簡便食物",9,113,"2026-09-04",1788510707806]