[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-014":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":62},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-108-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-014","nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-014",108,2,14,"失智症病人發生譫妄的症狀，應檢查出身體疾病加以治療，使用藥物時，必須避免下列何項藥物使用，以免使譫妄更嚴重？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"quetiapine（QTP）","benzodiazepine（BZD）","aripiprazole（ARI）","olanzapine（OLZ）","B",null,[],"本題考點為譫妄用藥的禁忌。依藥理學,benzodiazepine(BZD)具中樞抑制與矛盾性反應,尤其在老年與失智族群易加重意識混亂、認知功能下降並惡化譫妄,故治療譫妄時應避免使用,選 B。A quetiapine、C aripiprazole、D olanzapine 皆屬非典型抗精神病藥,是譫妄合併躁動或精神症狀時相對較安全的選擇,可用於短期控制,故非本題要避免的藥物。判斷關鍵在於 BZD 會抑制中樞、造成過度鎮靜與去抑制,反而使譫妄更嚴重;BZD 僅在酒精或 BZD 戒斷引起的譫妄才作為首選。","譫妄用藥原則:找出並治療潛在病因,藥物僅控制危險躁動。首選低劑量非典型抗精神病藥(quetiapine、olanzapine、aripiprazole 或 haloperidol)。BZD 為相對禁忌,因其在老年腦部造成矛盾性激躁與過度鎮靜,惡化定向感——唯一例外是酒精\u002FBZD 戒斷性譫妄。口訣:譫妄怕 BZD,戒斷才用它。老年用藥同時警惕抗膽鹼藥,也會加重譫妄。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"譫妄",6,{"term":28,"count":29},"benzodiazepine",3,{"term":31,"count":29},"非典型抗精神病藥",{"term":33,"count":34},"矛盾性反應",1,[36,40,45,49,53,58],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-015","護理師執行給藥時，發現病人取藥後未服下並轉身離開。下列何項是此時最適當的護理措施？",15,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":34},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-031","精神疾病診斷準則手冊（DSM-5）對於「認知障礙症」所提出的認知功能範疇，下列何項正確？",31,109,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-045","關於登革熱之描述，下列何者錯誤？",45,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":29,"year":52,"session":34},"nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-003","下列何者最符合現行精神衛生法所規範的精神病人之保護及權益保障？",111,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":34},"nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-047","有關三角致病模式的要素，下列何者正確？①壓力 ②環境 ③病原體 ④宿主",47,112,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":43,"year":61,"session":34},"nurse-113-1-psychiatric-community-031","有關華倫（Warren）社區功能理論的敘述，下列何者正確？①社會控制－社區巡守隊 ②社會參與－學校導護志工 ③相互支援－慈善團體愛心捐贈 ④生產分配消費－社區讀書會",113,"2026-09-04",1788510707587]