[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":69},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-072":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":38,"lastmod":68},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-108-2-內外科護理學-072","nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-072",108,2,72,"有關代謝性酸中毒的症狀，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"出汗、口乾","頭痛、意識遲鈍","呼吸速率變慢","周邊血管收縮","B",null,[],"本題考點為代謝性酸中毒(metabolic acidosis)的臨床症狀辨識。血中氫離子過多會抑制中樞神經功能，出現頭痛、倦怠、意識遲鈍甚至嗜睡昏迷，故選 B。選項 A 出汗、口乾非代謝性酸中毒的特徵性表現，較常與低血糖或脫水等其他狀況相關。選項 C 呼吸速率變慢錯誤，代謝性酸中毒為求呼吸代償排出 CO₂，會出現深而快的 Kussmaul 呼吸即呼吸加深加快，而非變慢。選項 D 周邊血管收縮並非代酸典型表現，反而酸中毒常伴周邊血管擴張。故以中樞抑制的頭痛、意識遲鈍最符合。","代謝性酸中毒表現:中樞抑制(頭痛、嗜睡、意識混亂至昏迷)、Kussmaul 呼吸(深快代償排 CO₂)、噁心嘔吐、周邊血管擴張、可能高血鉀(H⁺ 入細胞、K⁺ 出)。與呼吸性酸中毒共通在中樞抑制,差別在原發是 HCO₃↓還是 PaCO₂↑。判題抓「意識遲鈍+呼吸不會變慢(反而 Kussmaul 加快)」。",[24,27,30,33,36],{"term":25,"count":26},"代謝性酸中毒",22,{"term":28,"count":29},"呼吸代償",5,{"term":31,"count":32},"Kussmaul 呼吸",4,{"term":34,"count":35},"中樞神經抑制",1,{"term":37,"count":35},"意識遲鈍",[39,43,48,53,58,63],{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-073","有關下視丘之敘述，下列何者正確？",73,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-009","有關闌尾炎身體評估檢查的結果，下列何者正確？①墨菲氏徵象（Murphy’s sign） ②麥氏點（McBurney’s point）壓痛 ③普氏徵象（Psoas sign） ④閉孔肌徵象（obturator sign）",9,109,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":35},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-023","關於糖尿病性酮酸中毒（DKA）的敘述，下列何者正確？",23,110,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":35},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-061","林小姐食慾不振，嚴重水腫，無法平躺睡覺，至某醫學中心就診，抽血檢查結果血清 Creatinine=13.8 mg\u002FdL，eGFR=9.2 mL\u002Fmin\u002F1.73 m 2 ，依此結果，林小姐是處於慢性腎臟病（CKD）的第幾期？",61,111,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-025","有關心內膜炎周邊症狀之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",25,112,{"webId":64,"stem":65,"number":66,"year":67,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-039","有關尿失禁照護之敘述，下列何者正確？①凱格爾式運動可改善壓力性尿失禁 ②定時導尿法可改善滿溢性尿失禁 ③長期導尿管留置可改善急迫性尿失禁 ④膀胱訓練可改善完全性尿失禁",39,113,"2026-09-04",1788510706794]