[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-070":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-108-2-內外科護理學-070","nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-070",108,2,70,"長期口服或注射類固醇病人最可能出現的副作用，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"低血鈉","高血糖","高血鉀","低血壓","B",null,[],"本題考點為長期使用類固醇(glucocorticoid)最可能的代謝性副作用。糖皮質類固醇會促進糖質新生並拮抗胰島素作用，使血糖上升，長期使用最可能出現高血糖，故選 B。選項 A 低血鈉錯誤，類固醇具礦物皮質素樣作用會保鈉排鉀，傾向高血鈉而非低血鈉。選項 C 高血鉀錯誤，其保鈉同時促進排鉀，反而造成低血鉀。選項 D 低血壓錯誤，保鈉留水使血容量增加，常導致高血壓。故長期類固醇典型代謝影響為高血糖、高血鈉、低血鉀與高血壓，正解為高血糖。","類固醇副作用全景(庫欣樣):高血糖、滿月臉水牛肩、中心性肥胖、高血壓、低血鉀、骨質疏鬆、消化性潰瘍、感染易感、傷口癒合差、情緒改變。機轉:糖質新生↑+胰島素阻抗→血糖↑;礦物皮質活性→保鈉排鉀水腫高血壓低血鉀。長期用藥須逐漸減量避免腎上腺危象。判題抓「血糖上升」。",[24,27,30,31,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"庫欣氏症候群",6,{"term":28,"count":29},"糖質新生",5,{"term":15,"count":10},{"term":32,"count":10},"保鈉排鉀",{"term":34,"count":35},"長期類固醇副作用",1,[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-071","有關副甲狀腺機能亢進病人之護理指導，下列何者正確？",71,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-007","王小姐進行經蝶骨腦下垂體切除術，術後發現鼻部有水樣液體流出之護理措施，下列何者正確？",7,109,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":35},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-021","下列何者為費林氏測驗（Phalen’s test）陽性反應的描述？",21,110,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":35},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-059","胸腔手術後病人進行深呼吸運動之主要成效，下列何者正確？",59,111,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-023","有關喉癌術後放置永久性喉切除管（Laryngectomy tube）病人的出院護理指導，下列何者不適宜？",23,112,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-037","有關良性前列腺肥大症狀與導因之敘述，下列何者正確？",37,113,"2026-09-04",1788510706774]