[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-064":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-108-2-內外科護理學-064","nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-064",108,2,64,"蔡先生目前正處於少尿期，其生化檢驗可能產生的變化，不包括下列何者？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"serum creatinine 上升","BUN 上升","血鉀上升","血磷下降","D",null,[],"本題考點為急性腎衰竭少尿期的生化變化，須辨識不會出現者。少尿期腎臟排泄功能下降，含氮廢物與電解質蓄積，故血清肌酐酸上升、BUN 上升、血鉀上升皆會發生；至於磷則因腎臟排磷減少而上升(高血磷)，因此「血磷下降」不會出現，選 D。選項 A serum creatinine 上升與 B BUN 上升皆為排泄障礙下含氮廢物滯留的典型表現。選項 C 血鉀上升是少尿期最危險的電解質變化，因鉀無法排出而堆積。故唯一方向錯誤者為血磷下降，正常應是高血磷伴隨低血鈣。","少尿期電解質全景：高血鉀(最致命，須警覺心律不整)、高血磷、低血鈣(磷鈣互為倒數且活性維生素 D 生成減少)、高血鎂、代謝性酸中毒、水鈉滯留水腫。BUN、creatinine 同步上升。記憶「氮廢物與鉀磷上升、鈣下降」。血磷升高會結合血鈣使血鈣更低，臨床可見抽搐或口周刺麻。",[24,27,29,31,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"高血鉀",7,{"term":28,"count":26},"低血鈣",{"term":30,"count":10},"急性腎衰竭少尿期",{"term":32,"count":10},"高血磷",{"term":34,"count":35},"BUN 與 creatinine 上升",1,[37,41,45,50,55,60],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-065","蔡先生主訴噁心、食慾不振，昨日嘔吐量約 150 c.c.\u002F天，排尿量 360 c.c.\u002F天，血清鉀 6.8 mEq\u002FL，下列處置何者錯誤？",65,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":35,"year":44,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-001","有關顱內壓升高的處置，下列敘述何者正確？",109,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":35},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-015","有關急性胰臟炎之相關檢驗項目的結果，下列何者正確？",15,110,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":35},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-053","下列何者為肺水腫最典型的症狀？",53,111,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-017","有關骨質疏鬆症護理指導之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",17,112,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-031","汪先生診斷為肺癌並接受右肺葉切除術，下列何者為其最適合的術後姿勢臥位？",31,113,"2026-09-04",1788510706732]