[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-059":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-108-2-內外科護理學-059","nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-059",108,2,59,"下列何項實驗室檢查結果最能顯示腎臟功能受損？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"血中尿素氮升高","血清肌酐酸升高","尿中鈉離子升高","尿中鈣離子升高","B",null,[],"本題考點為評估腎絲球過濾功能最專一的血液指標。血清肌酐酸(serum creatinine)由肌肉代謝穩定產生、幾乎完全經腎絲球過濾而不受飲食與蛋白攝取影響，最能反映腎臟過濾功能受損，故選 B。選項 A 血中尿素氮(BUN)雖也升高，但易受蛋白攝取、脫水、消化道出血、分解代謝等腎外因素干擾，專一性較差。選項 C 尿中鈉離子升高多與腎小管處理或體液狀態相關，非直接反映過濾功能損害。選項 D 尿中鈣離子升高與鈣代謝、副甲狀腺等因素有關，並非腎功能指標。故以 creatinine 最能顯示腎功能受損。","creatinine 恆定生成、腎絲球自由過濾、腎小管幾乎不再吸收，故是估算 GFR 的基礎(如 eGFR、Ccr)。BUN\u002Fcreatinine 比值可鑑別脫水(比值升高、腎前性)與腎實質病變。creatinine 上升代表 GFR 已明顯下降，惟受肌肉量影響(肌少者偏低)。判題抓「最專一反映過濾」選 creatinine。",[24,27,29,32,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"腎功能指標",3,{"term":28,"count":10},"專一性",{"term":30,"count":31},"血清肌酐酸 creatinine",1,{"term":33,"count":31},"腎絲球過濾率 GFR",{"term":35,"count":31},"BUN 干擾因素",[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-060","教導慢性阻塞性肺疾病病人採用橫膈式呼吸之預期效果，下列何者正確？",60,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":31},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-076","乳癌病人接受化學治療效果不佳，病人主訴：「我希望能活到女兒結婚有個依靠，我就可以放心離開，就讓我活到那時候吧！」請問病人是處於 Kubler-Ross 心理反應的那一階段？",76,109,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":31},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-010","有關各種肝硬化的臨床表徵，下列何者錯誤？",10,110,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":31},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-048","有關後天免疫缺乏症候群（Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, AIDS）之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",48,111,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-012","有關潰瘍性結腸炎（ulcerative colitis）的敘述，下列何者正確？①易侵犯全腸壁 ②易造成肛門瘻管 ③易有裡急後重感 ④糞便中經常帶血",12,112,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-026","有關癌症病人使用干擾素治療之敘述，下列何者正確？",26,113,"2026-09-04",1788510706690]