[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-057":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":25},"nurse-108-2-內外科護理學-057","nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-057",108,2,57,"有關呼吸困難之徵象，下列何者最不常見？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"端坐呼吸","噘嘴式呼吸","使用胸鎖乳突肌","咳血","D",null,[],"本題考點為呼吸困難(dyspnea)常見臨床徵象的辨識與排除。呼吸困難的代償表現包括端坐呼吸、噘嘴式呼吸與使用胸鎖乳突肌等輔助呼吸肌，皆屬常見；咳血(hemoptysis)則屬於出血相關症狀，與肺栓塞、支氣管擴張、肺結核或腫瘤有關，並非呼吸困難本身最常見的徵象，故最不常見者選 D。選項 A 端坐呼吸反映臥位時呼吸更費力，為心肺功能不全常見表現。選項 B 噘嘴式呼吸可延長吐氣、避免小氣道塌陷，是 COPD 病人典型代償。選項 C 使用胸鎖乳突肌屬輔助呼吸肌動用，呼吸費力時常見。故三者皆常見，咳血例外。","呼吸困難的核心是「呼吸費力感」與代償動作：三腳架姿勢、噘嘴吐氣、輔助肌動用、鼻翼搧動、呼吸速率上升。咳血屬「出血」而非「費力」範疇，機轉不同。噘嘴呼吸原理是製造背壓(PEEP-like)撐開塌陷氣道、改善吐氣。判題抓「哪一項不是費力代償」即得咳血。",[24,26,28,31,33],{"term":14,"count":25},7,{"term":15,"count":27},3,{"term":29,"count":30},"呼吸困難徵象",1,{"term":32,"count":30},"輔助呼吸肌",{"term":34,"count":30},"咳血 hemoptysis",[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-058","成人在正常飲水狀況下，日間平均解尿次數超過 8 次之現象，下列何者正確？",58,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":30},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-074","有關監測敗血症病人液體療法之生理指標，下列何者最可能需調節輸液？",74,109,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":30},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-008","有關癲癇病人服用藥物的敘述，下列何者正確？",8,110,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":30},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-046","有關感染疥瘡（Scabies）引起皮膚疾病之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",46,111,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-010","李先生因胃癌接受次全胃切除手術（Billroth II），術後開始進食稀飯，約 20 分鐘出現腹脹、噁心嘔吐、心悸、頭暈等現象，下列何者為其最可能造成的原因？",10,112,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-024","陳小弟，15 歲，剛被診斷為急性白血病，醫師給予強度較強的化學治療，有關急性白血病治療完全緩解的標準，下列何者錯誤？①骨髓內芽細胞（blast cell）＜5% ②周邊血液有芽細胞 ③無器官浸潤 ④造血細胞接近正常值",24,113,"2026-09-04",1788510706667]