[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-026":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":62},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-108-2-內外科護理學-026","nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-026",108,2,26,"60 歲的王太太是退休公務員，平日在家日常生活活動都靠家人幫忙，休息時仍感呼吸喘，晚上常因呼吸不順無法入睡，根據美國紐約心臟學會（NYHA）的心臟功能分級標準，上述情況何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"第一級","第二級","第三級","第四級","D",null,[],"本題考點是紐約心臟學會(NYHA)心臟功能分級的判讀。依 NYHA 準則,第四級為休息狀態下即出現症狀、無法從事任何體力活動而不感不適。題中病人日常生活全需家人協助、休息時仍喘、且夜間常因呼吸不順無法入睡,休息時已有症狀,符合第四級,故選 D。A 第一級為日常活動不受限、無症狀,與病情不符。B 第二級為輕度受限,一般活動才會喘,休息無症狀。C 第三級為明顯受限,輕度活動即喘,但休息時仍無症狀。病人休息即喘、有端坐與夜間呼吸困難,已超越第三級,故非 A、B、C。","分級口訣:一無、二一般、三輕度、四休息。關鍵鑑別點在「休息時是否有症狀」——有,即第四級。夜間陣發性呼吸困難與端坐呼吸反映肺鬱血,常見於失代償心衰。NYHA 屬功能性分級(病人主觀),與 ACC\u002FAHA 分期(結構性、A～D)不同,兩者常合併評估。可連結:端坐呼吸、夜間陣發性呼吸困難、肺鬱血、ACC\u002FAHA 心衰分期。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"端坐呼吸",7,{"term":28,"count":29},"NYHA 心功能分級",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"第四級休息即症狀",{"term":33,"count":29},"夜間呼吸困難",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-027","針對左心室射出率（EVEF）為 12%，有端坐呼吸且雙側下肢水腫厲害的心臟衰竭病人之護理，下列何者較不適當？",27,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-043","有關化學性灼傷的處置，下列何者錯誤？",43,109,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-057","一位被診斷為「疑似細菌性肺炎」的病人剛入院，最優先執行下列那一個醫囑？",57,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":29},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-015","有關癌症病人貧血問題之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",15,111,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":29},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-059","有關膀胱炎之敘述，下列何者最適宜？",59,112,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":42,"year":61,"session":29},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-043","有關抗利尿激素分泌不當症候群（SIADH）病人的臨床照護，下列何者錯誤？",113,"2026-09-04",1788510706398]