[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":61},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-012":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":60},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-108-2-內外科護理學-012","nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-012",108,2,12,"下列何者是造成腹膜炎常見的致病菌？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"革蘭氏陽性菌","黴菌","厭氧性細菌","真菌","A",null,[],"本題考點是腹膜炎常見致病菌的辨識。依繼發性腹膜炎多源自腸胃道穿孔或感染，腸道菌叢中大腸桿菌等革蘭氏陰性菌與革蘭氏陽性菌、厭氧菌皆可能參與，本題官方答案為革蘭氏陽性菌，選 A。選項 B 黴菌與選項 D 真菌實為同義（fungi），黴菌性腹膜炎相對少見，多見於免疫低下或長期腹膜透析者，非最常見；選項 C 厭氧性細菌雖常參與腹腔內混合感染，但作為單一最常見致病菌的代表性不如選項所指。本題屬致病菌記憶題，考點在辨識腹膜炎的常見菌種歸屬。","腹膜炎分原發性（自發性細菌性腹膜炎，SBP，常見於肝硬化腹水，單一菌種如大腸桿菌、肺炎鏈球菌）與繼發性（腸胃道穿孔、闌尾破裂，多為腸道混合菌，含革蘭氏陰性桿菌與厭氧菌）。臨床表現為腹部劇痛、反彈痛、腹壁僵硬如板（board-like rigidity）、腸音消失。留意選項 B 黴菌與 D 真菌中文異名同義，命題以此設誘答。可連結腹膜刺激徵象、腹部反彈壓痛（Blumberg 徵象）與敗血症風險。",[24,27,30,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"腹膜刺激徵象",4,{"term":28,"count":29},"腹膜炎致病菌",1,{"term":14,"count":29},{"term":32,"count":29},"自發性細菌性腹膜炎",[34,38,43,47,51,56],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-013","病人主訴「左上腹疼痛，吃了東西後 1 小時更痛」，下列何者為其最可能之診斷？",13,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":29},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-029","有關冠狀動脈疾病病人接受鉈-201 之檢查目的，下列何者正確？",29,109,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-043","有關癌症治療對口腔黏膜之影響與處置，下列敘述何者正確？",43,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":29,"year":50,"session":29},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-001","有關病人心智狀態評估內容的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",111,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":29},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-045","有關皮膚癌的預防或處置，下列敘述何者錯誤？",45,112,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":41,"year":59,"session":29},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-029","有關疥瘡的治療，下列敘述何者正確？",113,"2026-09-04",1788510706282]