[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-006":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":61},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-108-2-內外科護理學-006","nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-006",108,2,6,"有關巴金森氏症的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"是一種自體免疫疾病","神經物質多巴胺分泌量增加","神經物質乙醯膽鹼分泌量減少","可能與遺傳或環境因素有關","D",null,[],"本題考點是巴金森氏症的病因與病理特徵。依現有醫學認識，其確切病因未明，可能與遺傳及環境因素（如毒素暴露）交互作用有關，故選 D。選項 A 錯誤，巴金森氏症是黑質多巴胺神經元退化的神經退化性疾病，非自體免疫疾病；選項 B 錯誤，其病理核心是黑質多巴胺分泌「減少」而非增加；選項 C 錯誤，多巴胺不足導致乙醯膽鹼相對「過多」而失衡，乙醯膽鹼並非減少。考點在於辨識巴金森氏症的多因病因及多巴胺缺乏的病理基礎。","巴金森氏症核心病變在中腦黑質（substantia nigra）多巴胺神經元退化，造成多巴胺與乙醯膽鹼的失衡（多巴胺↓、乙醯膽鹼相對↑），引發四大症狀：靜止性顫抖（resting tremor）、肌肉僵硬（rigidity）、動作遲緩（bradykinesia）、姿勢不穩。病因多因，含遺傳與環境毒素。治療用 levodopa 補多巴胺、或抗膽鹼藥物壓過多的乙醯膽鹼以恢復平衡。記憶口訣：巴金森是『多巴胺太少、乙醯膽鹼相對太多』的翹翹板失衡。可連結基底核運動調控與 TRAP 四大徵象。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"巴金森氏症",7,{"term":28,"count":29},"黑質多巴胺退化",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"多巴胺乙醯膽鹼失衡",{"term":33,"count":29},"多因性病因",[35,38,43,47,52,57],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":26,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-007","有關腦瘤之敘述，下列何者正確？①腦膜瘤好發於男性 ②續發性腦瘤常見於肺癌或乳癌病人 ③突然的發作抽搐是腦瘤的明顯指標 ④星狀細胞瘤好發於女性",{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":29},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-023","有關扁桃腺炎病人接受扁桃腺切除術之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",23,109,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-037","下列何者不是骨髓檢查之目的？",37,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-075","有關糖尿病視網膜病變的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",75,110,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":29},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-039","有關癌症分期系統類型之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",39,112,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":41,"year":60,"session":29},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-023","李先生45歲，日前因頸部右側不對稱腫塊到醫院求診，經淋巴切片檢查診斷為何杰金氏症，下列何者不是此病常見的症狀？",113,"2026-09-04",1788510706226]