[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-003":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":61},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-108-2-內外科護理學-003","nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-003",108,2,3,"腦腫瘤病人進行外科手術移除腫瘤後，顱內壓仍非常高，下列何種方式可以協助降低顱內壓？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"顱骨鑽孔術","開顱術","顱骨切除術","顱骨整形術","C",null,[],"本題考點是降低頑固性顱內壓升高的術式辨識。當腫瘤已切除但顱內壓仍居高不下，可施行顱骨切除術（craniectomy），移除部分顱骨不回置，讓腫脹腦組織有向外膨出的空間以減壓，故選 C。選項 A 顱骨鑽孔術（burr hole）多用於引流血腫或放置監測器，減壓範圍有限；選項 B 開顱術（craniotomy）是掀開骨瓣手術後將骨瓣復位，不以持續減壓為目的；選項 D 顱骨整形術（cranioplasty）是後續修補顱骨缺損的重建手術，非減壓。辨識關鍵在「移除顱骨不回置以減壓」。","關鍵區辨在骨瓣是否回置：craniotomy 開顱後把骨瓣放回（-tomy 切開），craniectomy 移除骨瓣不放回（-ectomy 切除），後者形成減壓空間，用於惡性腦腫脹、大範圍中風或難治性顱內壓升高（decompressive craniectomy）；日後腦腫消退再以 cranioplasty 修補缺損。記憶口訣：-tomy 開了關回去，-ectomy 拿掉不回去（留空間減壓）。可連結門羅—凱利假說（Monro-Kellie doctrine）——顱腔容積固定，腦、血、腦脊髓液任一增加、又無法代償時顱內壓即升，移除顱骨等於打破固定容積的限制。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"顱骨切除術 craniectomy",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"開顱術 craniotomy",{"term":30,"count":26},"顱內壓減壓",{"term":32,"count":26},"門羅凱利假說",[34,38,43,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-004","顱內壓升高（IICP）的臨床表徵，下列何者正確？",4,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":26},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-020","上石膏後 24 小時內病人的護理評估結果，下列何者應做立即處置？",20,109,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-034","心衰竭病人之心電圖持續出現明顯 U 波，在給予藥物時，應注意下列何種藥物可能有中毒的危險？",34,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-072","有關副甲狀腺機能亢進病人的臨床表徵，下列何者正確？①少尿 ②噁心 ③心律不整 ④骨鈣沉積",72,110,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":26},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-036","有關異體周邊血液幹細胞移植之敘述，下列何者正確？",36,112,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":41,"year":60,"session":26},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-020","有關下肢深部靜脈栓塞服用Warfarin病人之護理指導，下列何者正確？",113,"2026-09-04",1788510706206]