[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-fundamental-nursing-068":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基本護理學與護理行政","fundamental-nursing","基本護理學(包括護理原理、護理技術)與護理行政",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-2-基本護理學與護理行政-068","nurse-108-2-fundamental-nursing-068",108,2,68,"組織變革理論中之「解凍（unfreezing）、改變（change）及再凍（refreezing）」是由下列何者提出？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"柏拉圖（Pareto）","帕金式（Parkinson）","路因（Lewin）","羅傑式（Rogers）","C",null,[],"本題考點為組織變革理論的提出者。依變革管理，將變革分為「解凍（unfreezing）、改變（change\u002Fmoving）、再凍結（refreezing）」三階段的模式，是由社會心理學家Kurt Lewin（路因）所提出，故答案為C。A柏拉圖（Pareto）以80\u002F20法則與柏拉圖圖著稱，屬品質管理工具，非變革三階段。B帕金森（Parkinson）以帕金森定律（工作會膨脹以填滿可用時間）著稱，與變革模式無關。D羅傑斯（Rogers）以創新擴散理論（innovation diffusion）聞名，探討創新採用的擴散過程，非解凍—改變—再凍模式。故唯有Lewin相符。","Lewin 變革三階段：解凍（打破現狀、製造改變動機、降低抗拒）、改變（導入新做法、學習新行為）、再凍結（將新狀態穩定制度化，避免回復舊習）。Lewin 同時提出「力場分析」（force-field analysis），主張變革成敗取決於推力與阻力的消長，促進之道是強化推力或削弱阻力。易混人物速記：Pareto＝80\u002F20品管、Parkinson＝工作膨脹、Rogers＝創新擴散、Lewin＝解凍改變再凍＋力場分析。可連結概念：力場分析、變革抗拒、創新擴散、組織發展。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"Lewin 變革三階段",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"解凍—改變—再凍結",{"term":31,"count":27},"力場分析",{"term":33,"count":27},"變革理論人物辨識",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-fundamental-nursing-069","臺灣護理學會於 1992 年接受行政院衛生署委託辦理「醫院基層護理人員專業能力進階制度」，至今已經在各大醫院實施。小煦畢業後，一直積極參與進階制度培育專業能力，最近她報名參加訓練課程的主題包括：重症病人護理、困難病人護理、醫療糾紛案例討論，小煦正在準備那一個層級的進階？",69,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-fundamental-nursing-005","對於醫囑（order）的描述，下列何者正確？",5,109,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":27},"nurse-110-1-fundamental-nursing-019","張小姐，30 歲，因過敏性眼瞼結膜炎，醫囑開立 Rinteron solution 1 gtt.O.U. q6h 及 Tetracycline oint. O.U. q6h，護理師進行眼藥滴入時，下列何者為正確給藥方式？",19,110,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":27},"nurse-111-1-fundamental-nursing-057","有關柏拉圖（Pareto）的 80\u002F20 法則，下列敘述何者正確？",57,111,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-fundamental-nursing-021","謝小妹因大量嘔吐入急診求診，診斷為急性腸胃炎，目前有體液容積缺失的情形，此情形與下列何種徵象無關？",21,112,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-fundamental-nursing-035","安寧病房末期臨終病人已簽署不施行心肺復甦術同意書，案妻看到病人呼吸微弱且意識不清，緊張地要求對病人進行急救，您為其主護護理師，下列回應何者最適當？",35,113,"2026-09-04",1788510706091]